Table 2. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of intubated and not intubated enrollments.

Clinical characteristics by enrollment	No. of enrollments	Not intubated (n = 805)	Intubated (n = 218)	p value
Diagnosis at discharge	1,023	805	218	<0.001
Seizure/status epilepticus	910	699 (76.81)	211 (23.19)
Non-epileptic spell	83	81 (97.59)	2 (2.41)
Cause unknown	30	25 (83.33)	5 (16.67)
Prior history	909	698	211	<0.001
No	215	146 (67.91)	69 (32.09)
Etiology	903	693	210
Febrile seizure	25	22 (88.00)	3 (12.00)	0.177
Toxic/metabolic	100	68 (68.00)	32 (32.00)	0.028
CNS tumor/stroke	52	28 (53.85)	24 (46.15)	<0.001
Idiopathic/unknown precipitant without history of seizure	54	40 (74.07)	14 (25.93)	0.632
Other identified acute precipitant	48	33 (68.75)	15 (31.25)	0.178
Anticonvulsant withdrawal/non-compliance with history of seizure	336	270 (80.36)	66 (19.64)	0.048
Idiopathic or breakthrough seizure with history of seizure	288	232 (80.56)	56 (19.44)	0.064
Non-epileptic spell	83	81	2	0.027
Pseudoseizure	69	69 (100.00)	0 (0.00)
Seizure mimic/non-epileptic coma	14	12 (85.71)	2 (14.29)
Seizure cessation upon ED arrival	1,023	805	218	<0.001
No	327	222 (67.89)	105 (32.11)
Dose	1,023	805	218	0.018
Low	128	111 (86.72)	17 (13.28)
High	895	694 (77.54)	201 (22.46)
Received rescue medications	1,023	805	218	0.004
No	825	664 (80.48)	161 (19.52)
Yes	198	141 (71.21)	57 (28.79)
Outcomes by enrollment Hospitalization	1,015	798	217	<0.001
Yes	612	401 (65.52)	211 (34.48)
ICU admission	1,015	798	217	<0.001
Yes	304	106 (34.87)	198 (65.13)
Length of stay (days)	597	4.00 (4.15)	9.67 (11.96)	<0.001
Mortality	1,023	805	218	<0.001
No	1,004	802 (79.88)	202 (20.12)
Yes	19	3 (15.79)	16 (84.21)

CNS central nervous system, ED emergency department, ICU intensive care unit