Table 4. Independent correlates of bacterial infections (chlamydia and gonorrhoea).
| Risk factors | Chlamydia | Gonorrhoea | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive n = 114 N (%) | Negative n = 540 N (%) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)A | Positive n = 191 N (%) | Negative n = 463 N (%) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)A | |
| City in Vietnam | ||||||||
| Hanoi | 27 (12.4) | 190 (87.6) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 26 (12.0) | 191 (88.0) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| HCMC | 77 (26.9) | 209 (73.1) | 2.6 (1.6, 4.2)*** | 2.5 (1.5, 4.2)*** | 160 (55.9) | 126 (44.1) | 9.3 (5.8, 14.9)*** | 9.5 (5.9, 15.3)*** |
| Nha Trang | 10 (6.6) | 141 (93.4) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.1) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.1) | 5 (3.3) | 146 (96.7) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.7)** | 0.2 (0.1, 0.7)** |
| Age <21 years | ||||||||
| Yes | 51 (19.8) | 207 (80.2) | 1.3 (0.9, 2.0) | 1.5 (0.9, 2.2) | 75 (29.1) | 183 (70.9) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.7) |
| No | 63 (15.9) | 333 (84.1) | 116 (29.3) | 280 (70.7) | ||||
| Lower income (Vietnam Dong) | ||||||||
| <3 875 000 (median) | 47 (14.4) | 280 (85.6) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.0)* | 88 (26.9) | 239 (73.1) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.1) | ||
| ≥3 875 000 | 67 (20.5) | 260 (79.5) | 103 (31.5) | 224 (68.5) | ||||
| Homeless (30 days) | ||||||||
| Yes | 11 (14.1) | 67 (85.9) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.5) | 21 (26.9) | 57 (73.1) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.5) | ||
| No | 103 (17.9) | 473 (82.1) | 170 (29.5) | 406 (70.5) | ||||
| Sex with elective | 24 (20.2) | 95 (79.8) | 1.2 (0.8, 2.1) | 43 (36.1) | 76 (63.9) | 1.5 (1.0, 2.3) | ||
| men partners (30 days) | 90 (16.8) | 445 (83.2) | 148 (27.7) | 387 (72.3) | ||||
| Sex with women | 55 (18.0) | 251 (82.0) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.6) | 91 (29.7) | 215 (70.3) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.5) | ||
| (30 days) | 59 (17.0) | 289 (83.0) | 100 (28.7) | 248 (71.3) | ||||
| Foreign sex client | 28 (16.3) | 144 (83.7) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.4) | 50 (29.1) | 122 (70.9) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.5) | ||
| (30 days) | 86 (17.8) | 396 (82.2) | 141 (29.3) | 341 (70.7) | ||||
| Amphetamine use | 30 (25.6) | 87 (74.4) | 1.9 (1.2, 3.0)* | 55 (47.0 | 62 (53.0) | 2.6 (1.7, 3.9)*** | ||
| (30 days) | 84 (15.6) | 453 (84.4) | 136 (25.3) | 401 (74.7) | ||||
| HIV+ | ||||||||
| Yes | 5 (17.2) | 24 (82.8) | 1.0 (0.4, 2.6) | 11 (37.9) | 18 (62.1) | 1.5 (0.7, 3.3) | ||
| No | 109 (17.4) | 516 (82.6) | 180 (28.8) | 445 (71.2) | ||||
| Mean no. of sex | 11.8 | 9.1 | t = −1.45 | 11.5 | 8.8 | t=−2.00 | 1.0 (1.0, 1.0)* | |
| Work clients (30 days) | P = 0.15 | P<0.05* |
Bold numbers represent Statistical significance under <0.05; OR, odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City
*
P<0.05,
**
P<0.01,
***
P<0.001.
A
Age and city forced into all logistic regression models.