Table 4. Summary of different surgical strategies and their advantages and disadvantages.

	Anterior plate and interbody graft	Posterior C2–C3	Posterior C1–C2–C3	Posterior C2 (Judet)
Approach morbidity	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Disk pathology is addressed	+	−	−	−
Anterior decompression	+	−	−	−
Posterior decompression	−	+	+	+
Reduction of angulation	+	?	+++	?
Reduction facet luxation	−	+	+	+
Direct fracture fixation	−	+	+	+
Stabilized segments	1	1	2	0
Fused segments	1	1	1–2	0