TABLE 1.
Characteristics of study subjects1
| Cases | Controls | |
| Gender | ||
| Men | 175 (46.1) | 319 (44.4) |
| Women | 205 (53.9) | 400 (55.6) |
| Age, y | ||
| <40 | 108 (15.0) | 64 (13.0) |
| 40–59 | 306 (42.5) | 170 (34.4) |
| 60–79 | 278 (38.7) | 235 (47.6) |
| ≥80 | 27 (3.8) | 25 (5.6) |
| Education | ||
| Elementary or less | 91 (23.9) | 170 (23.6) |
| Middle school | 95 (25.0) | 176 (24.5) |
| High school | 136 (35.8) | 266 (37.0) |
| College or more | 54 (15.3) | 107 (14.9) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 257 (67.6) | 493 (68.7) |
| Unmarried/single | 68 (17.9) | 103 (14.3) |
| Divorced | 23 (6.0) | 48 (6.6) |
| Widowed | 31 (8.2) | 74 (10.3) |
| Unknown | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||
| <20 | 31 (8.2) | 45 (6.3) |
| ≥20 to <25 | 164 (43.2) | 306 (42.7) |
| ≥25 to <30 | 133 (35.0) | 287(39.9) |
| ≥30 | 52 (13.6) | 81 (11.3) |
| Phototype | ||
| I | 105 (27.6) | 109 (15.2) |
| II | 136 (35.8) | 238 (33.1) |
| III | 122 (32.1) | 312 (43.4) |
| IV | 17 (4.5) | 60 (8.3) |
| Sunburn history | ||
| Never | 182 (47.9) | 452 (62.9) |
| Before 18 y | 108 (28.4) | 164 (22.8) |
| After 18 y | 90 (23.7) | 103 (14.3) |
| Skin sun reaction (speed to tan and tendency to burn) | ||
| High tendency to burn and never tan | 21 (5.5) | 22 (3.1) |
| High tendency to burn and moderate tan | 117 (30.8) | 131 (18.2) |
| Moderate tendency to burn and gradual tan | 160 (42.1) | 357 (49.7) |
| No tendency to burn and golden tan | 65 (17.1) | 149 (20.7) |
| No tendency to burn and intense tan | 17 (4.5) | 60 (8.3) |
| Dietary pattern score, median (range) | ||
| HEI-2010 | 57 (22–92) | 59 (22–95) |
| DASH | 23 (8–36) | 24 (11–36) |
| GMI | 4 (1–9) | 5 (0–9) |
| IMI | 4 (0–10) | 4 (0–9) |
1
Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated; overall n = 380 (34.6%) for cases and n = 719 (65.4%) for controls. DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; GMI, Greek Mediterranean Index; HEI-2010, Healthy Eating Index 2010; IMI, Italian Mediterranean Index; Phototype I, eyes/hair/skin light, high tendency to burn and never/moderate tan; Phototype II, eyes/hair/skin light, moderate tendency to burn and gradual tan or eyes/hair/skin brown, high tendency to burn and moderate tan; Phototype III, eyes/hair/skin brown, moderate/no tendency to burn and gradual/golden tan; Phototype IV, no tendency to burn and intense tan.