TABLE 1.
Sample characteristics of 1918 Indian children in the Young Lives study, Andhra Pradesh, India1
| Wave 1, 2002 | Wave 2, 2006 | Wave 3, 2009 | |
| Children, n | 1918 | 1918 | 1918 |
| Age, mo | 12.3 ± 3.50 | 64.8 ± 3.80 | 96.0 ± 3.90 |
| Male | 53.0 | 53.0 | 53.0 |
| Urban | 24.1 | 25.3 | 26.1 |
| Mother’s education | |||
| Illiterate | 51.1 | NA | NA |
| Lower primary school | 10.2 | NA | NA |
| Upper primary school | 16.0 | NA | NA |
| Secondary/higher secondary | 19.3 | NA | NA |
| College/university | 3.20 | NA | NA |
| Ethnicity/caste | NA | NA | |
| Mixed caste | 0.100 | NA | NA |
| Schedule caste | 17.9 | NA | NA |
| Schedule tribe | 13.0 | NA | NA |
| Backward caste | 47.9 | NA | NA |
| Other caste | 20.9 | NA | NA |
| Childhood nutrition | |||
| Weight-for-height z score | −1.00 ± 1.20 | −1.20 ± 1.00 | −1.40 ± 1.20 |
| Height-for-age z score | −1.30 ± 1.60 | −1.60 ± 1.10 | −1.40 ± 1.20 |
| Wasting prevalence | 19.4 | 18.8 | 28.0 |
| Stunting prevalence | 30.1 | 35.8 | 29.2 |
| Children’s food intake | |||
| Rice, g/d | NA | 226 ± 293 | 193 ± 143 |
| Legumes, g/d | NA | 16.0 ± 19.0 | 14.0 ± 12.0 |
| Meat, g/d | NA | 2.00 ± 4.00 | 6.00 ± 6.00 |
| Eggs, g/d | NA | 2.00 ± 2.00 | 5.00 ± 6.00 |
| Fish, g/d | NA | 1.00 ± 2.00 | 2.00 ± 4.00 |
| Milk, mL/d | NA | 57.0 ± 79.0 | 62.0 ± 74.0 |
| Vegetables, g/d | NA | 10.0 ± 6.00 | 7.00 ± 4.00 |
| Fruits, g/d | NA | 10.0 ± 15.0 | 8.00 ± 11.0 |
| Food prices | |||
| Rice, rupees/kg | 16.5 ± 1.20 | 17.4 ± 1.90 | 23.8 ± 2.7 |
| Legumes, rupees/kg | 41.1 ± 1.50 | 46.1 ± 3.30 | 78.3 ± 2.8 |
| Meat, rupees/kg | 136 ± 14.9 | 140 ± 8.30 | 173 ± 14.3 |
| Fish, rupees/kg | 68.9 ± 41.3 | 75.0 ± 45.8 | 88.8 ± 34.7 |
| Eggs, rupees/kg | 28.0 ± 0.700 | 26.0 ± 1.90 | 47.1 ± 9.50 |
| Milk, rupees/L | 19.8 ± 2.50 | 17.1 ± 1.90 | 20.8 ± 4.60 |
| Vegetables, rupees/kg | 11.2 ± 0.700 | 12.4 ± 1.10 | 19.4 ± 2.60 |
| Fruits, rupees/kg | 19.3 ± 2.80 | 21.5 ± 3.50 | 28.9 ± 2.20 |
1
Values are means ± SDs or percentages. Food prices were in constant prices, adjusted for inflation based on the Government of India’s estimates for nonfood consumer price index. NA, not available.