Table 5.

DNA damage in male rats following treatment with sodium chloride.^a

Dose (mg/kg/day)	% Tail DNA		Tail length (μ)	OTM	# Hedgehogs
	Mean	p-value	Mean	Mean	Mean
Liver
0	0.4 ± 0.16	–	27.9 ± 1.84	0.1 ± 0.01	2.8 ± 0.49
500	0.3 ± 0.10	0.6685	27.5 ± 0.39	0.0 ± 0.01	1.2 ± 0.49
1000	0.3 ± 0.06	0.5437	29.1 ± 0.85	0.0 ± 0.01	1.2 ± 0.37
2000	0.2 ± 0.06	0.3143	27.9 ± 0.99	0.0 ± 0.01	2.0 ± 0.84
Trend test p-value	p = 0.2716
EMS	18.8 ± 0.72	<0.0001b	46.3 ± 0.69	2.7 ± 0.12	4.0 ± 0.71
Stomach
0	14.1 ± 2.75	–	48.5 ± 2.56	2.4 ± 0.51	31.6 ± 5.77
500	14.7 ± 2.03	0.9949	46.2 ± 2.37	2.3 ± 0.36	37.4 ± 17.35
1000	14.3 ± 2.00	0.9998	45.9 ± 1.37	2.2 ± 0.32	26.8 ± 5.64
2000	9.1 ± 1.44	0.2527	44.0 ± 1.18	1.4 ± 0.19	31.4 ± 10.04
Trend test p-value	p = 0.9494
EMS	33.7 ± 1.49	0.0001b	54.6 ± 3.01	6.3 ± 0.39	116.8 ± 31.85

Abbreviations: EMS = ethyl methanesulfonate (positive control); OTM = olive tail moment.

^aData are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean; % tail DNA, tail length and OTM means are calculated from slide median data.

^bSignificant at p < 0.025.