Fig. 1.

ICU course of Patient Number 1. On admission, the patient experienced between 40–50 seizures daily (blue line, daily seizure frequency). After the initiation of pentobarbital sedation on day 4, the patient's seizure frequency abated but did not completely discontinue. After developing ileus thought likely secondary to pentobarbital, there was an attempt to wean the pentobarbital on day 16 with resulting increased seizure frequency. His intravenous AEDS were further increased with modest improvement. On day 21, TMS was administered in the ICU over the seizure focus. The following day, the pentobarbital was successfully weaned with eventual cessation of seizures. The patient's EEG background (red line) and clinical status gradually improved.