Relative sliding between neighboring CNF fibers vs. SWCNT bundles. (A) Simulation models of the two surface areas in direct contact for parallel sliding between two CNF fibers (Left) and that between two SWCNT bundles (Right). (C) Variation of total potential energy as a function of relative displacement of parallel sliding between two CNF fibers (green) and that between two SWCNT bundles (blue). The contribution from hydrogen bonds between CNF fibers (red) is included for comparison. (E) The evolution of resistant force during parallel sliding of two neighboring CNF fibers (red) and two neighboring SWCNT bundles (blue). (B, D, and F) Results for the case of perpendicular sliding, in correspondence to A, C, and E, respectively.