Fig. 7.

The range of reproductive modes in fungi as exemplified by Saccharomyces species. Asexual reproduction is simple and exemplified by mitotic clonality. Sexual reproduction is far more complex than simply outbreeding because of various restrictions to recombination caused by N selfing (mating between mitotic siblings), 2N selfing (mating between any meiotic progeny of the same two parents), and intratetrad mating (mating between meiotic progeny of a single zygote) as described in the text. The numbers in large type represent the fraction of nuclear divisions that are mitotic or are meiotic with only 1 in 1,000 estimated to be meiotic. Numbers in small type represent the fraction of diploidizations caused by outcrossing, intratetrad mating, and autodiploidization with only 1 in 100 estimated to be outcrossing. Reproduced with permission from refs. 72 and 87.