Fig. 2.

Kin discrimination phenotypes evolved de novo in all evolutionary treatments. Examples of kin discrimination phenotypes between colonies of evolved populations from each evolutionary treatment and their ancestor (KD-A) on high-nutrient agar are shown. White inset text depicts respective labels of evolved populations. Evolutionary treatments are stated above each picture. The two first panels show colony-merger phenotypes of self–self encounter controls for the two ancestral variants. Ratios show the proportion of examined populations within each evolutionary treatment that exhibited consistent KD-A phenotypes (SI Appendix, Table S2). B.s., B. subtilis; CTT, media containing Casitone; E.c., E. coli; TPM, starvation buffer.