Table 1.
Patient and Injury Characteristics for those with and without a Rehospitalization within 9 months Post Discharge
| Characteristics | All Patients (N=1850) | Rehospitalization (N=510) | No Rehospitalization (N=1340) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor available time of injury | ||||
| Age (mean, SD) | 43.8 (20.9) | 48.0 (21.5) | 42.3 (20.4) | <0.001† |
| Days from injury to rehabilitation admission (mean, SD) | 29.9 (35.6) | 31.8 (35.8) | 29.1 (35.6) | 0.14 |
| Employment prior to injury (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Employed and Student | 4.1 | 3.1 | 4.4 | |
| Employed only | 47.0 | 41.2 | 49.3 | |
| Unemployed | 14.2 | 15.3 | 13.7 | |
| Retired | 22.3 | 30.2 | 19.3 | |
| Student only | 11.4 | 8.0 | 12.7 | |
| Unknown | 1.1 | 2.2 | 0.7 | |
| Highest education achieved (%) | 0.73 | |||
| Some high school, no diploma | 23.7 | 21.2 | 24.6 | |
| High school diploma | 26.2 | 27.6 | 25.6 | |
| Work towards or Associate degree | 17.7 | 18.4 | 17.4 | |
| Work towards or Bachelors degree | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.9 | |
| Work towards or Master/Doctoral degree | 10.0 | 10.4 | 9.9 | |
| Unknown | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.6 | |
| Injury Cause (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Fall | 31.0 | 38.0 | 28.3 | |
| Motor vehicle crash | 56.8 | 50.0 | 59.4 | |
| Sports | 1.9 | 0.8 | 2.3 | |
| Violence | 6.9 | 6.7 | 7.0 | |
| Miscellaneous | 3.4 | 4.5 | 3.0 | |
| Male (%) | 72.4 | 69.8 | 73.4 | 0.12* |
| Marital status at injury (%) | 0.005* | |||
| Single/never married | 43.1 | 37.1 | 45.4 | |
| Married/common law | 36.3 | 38.2 | 35.6 | |
| Previously married | 17.1 | 21.4 | 15.4 | |
| Other/unknown | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.6 | |
| Number of previous brain injuries (mean, SD) | 0.1 (0.4) | 0.2 (0.5) | 0.1 (0.4) | 0.035 |
| Payer (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Medicare | 18.9 | 27.6 | 15.6 | |
| Medicaid | 16.4 | 13.1 | 17.7 | |
| Private insurance | 24.7 | 22.7 | 25.4 | |
| Centralized (single payer system) | 6.3 | 2.7 | 7.7 | |
| Worker's compensation | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | |
| Self pay/None | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.9 | |
| MCO/HMO | 15.2 | 15.9 | 15.0 | |
| No-fault auto insurance | 4.6 | 4.1 | 4.8 | |
| Other/unknown | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.1 | |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | 0.08* | |||
| Black | 14.6 | 15.1 | 14.4 | |
| White non-Hispanic | 76.1 | 78.4 | 75.2 | |
| White Hispanic | 5.6 | 4.1 | 6.2 | |
| Other and unknown | 3.7 | 2.4 | 4.2 | |
| Predictor available at rehabilitation discharge | ||||
| Antipsychotic medication during the last 2 days of rehabilitation (%) | 15.1 | 16.0 | 15.0 | 0.323* |
| Brain injury component of maximum CSI score (mean, SD) | 49.1 (24.6) | 52.0 (25.6) | 48.0 (24.2) | 0.002† |
| Non-brain injury component of maximum CSI score (mean, SD) | 24.7 (20.7) | 30.1 (23.7) | 22.7 (19.1) | <0.001† |
| Discharge disposition (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Private home | 85.2 | 78.4 | 87.8 | |
| Acute care hospital | 1.5 | 2.7 | 1.0 | |
| Other post acute setting | 13.3 | 18.8 | 11.2 | |
| Discharge FIM motor score – raw (mean, SD) | 63.1 (18.7) | 57.5 (19.9) | 65.2 (17.7) | <0.001† |
| Discharge FIM motor score – Rasch transformed (mean, SD) | 54.5 (14.8) | 51.3 (16.0) | 57.5 (15.3) | <0.001† |
| Discharge FIM cognitive score – raw (mean, SD) | 22.0 (6.6) | 20.8 (7.0) | 22.5 (6.3) | <0.001† |
| Discharge FIM cognitive score – Rasch transformed (mean, SD) | 55.8 (15.7) | 51.8 (16.5) | 55.5 (14.0) | <0.001† |
| Discharge FIM cognitive score category (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Score <=15 | 15.8 | 21.4 | 13.7 | |
| Score 16-20 | 22.4 | 26.9 | 20.7 | |
| Score 21-25 | 28.8 | 22.9 | 31 | |
| Score >=26 | 33.1 | 28.8 | 34.7 | |
| Pneumonia before or during rehabilitation (%) | 32.0 | 35.0 | 31.0 | 0.116* |
| Rehabilitation length of stay – excludes interruptions (mean, SD) | 26.6 (19.7) | 28.7 (20.5) | 25.8 (19.3) | 0.005† |
| Return to acute care during rehabilitation (%) | 8.3 | 12.4 | 6.7 | <0.001* |
| Seizures before or during rehabilitation (%) | 14.8 | 19.0 | 13.0 | 0.001* |
| Urinary tract infection before or during rehabilitation (%) | 30.7 | 38.0 | 28.0 | <0.001* |
NOTE: Abbreviations: MCO/HMO, Managed care organization/Health maintenance organization; CSI, Comprehensive Severity Index
*
Chi-Square analysis.
†
Two-sample t-test.