Table 3.
Mean (SE) inpatient resource use and costs per patient
| Resource | Frequency (%) or mean (SE) n = 441 | Per patient cost mean (SE) n = 441 |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-hospital transporta | ||
| Ambulance transport to hospital | 272/441 (62 %) | -- |
| Helicopter transport to hospital | 139/441 (31 %) | -- |
| Ambulance and helicopter transport | 26/441 (6 %) | -- |
| Total cost of emergency transport | -- | £842.76 (£39.52) |
| Emergency Department | ||
| ED admission | 1.00 (0.00) | £319.00 (£0.00) |
| Time in ED (hours) | 2.96 (0.11) | £72.02 (£3.02) |
| Seen by A&E Consultant | 354/441 (80 %) | £97.10 (£2.30) |
| Attended by trauma team | 349/441 (79 %) | £339.76 (£9.40) |
| Theatre admissions | ||
| Theatre admission recorded | ||
| 0 theatre admissions | 205/441 (47 %) | -- |
| 1 theatre admission | 158/441 (36 %) | -- |
| 2 theatre admissions | 37/441 (8 %) | -- |
| 3+ theatre admissions | 41/441 (9 %) | -- |
| Total time in theatre (hours) | 3.58 (0.24) | £3,154.53 (£214.02) |
| Intensive care | ||
| Time in intensive care (days)b | 7.93 (0.54) | £4,895.20 (£333.31) |
| Ward stay | ||
| Time in non-ICU wards (days)b | 19.58 (1.21) | £4,619.05 (£286.19) |
| Ventilated inpatient days | ||
| Time on ventilation (days)b | 3.23 (0.41) | £2,779.80 (£355.37) |
| Haematology and clotting tests | ||
| Full blood count | 1.76 (0.07) | £5.95 (£0.23) |
| Fibrinogen | 0.81 (0.08) | £3.94 (£0.41) |
| APTT | 1.05 (0.09) | £3.55 (£0.30) |
| PT | 1.32 (0.08) | £4.48 (£0.27) |
| INR | 0.51 (0.07) | £1.72 (£0.23) |
| APTTR | 0.29 (0.06) | £0.99 (£0.19) |
| Imaging investigations | ||
| CT scan | 1.51 (0.07) | £101.94 (£4.79) |
| X-ray | 1.72 (0.11) | £68.71 (£4.59) |
| Ultrasound | 0.08 (0.01) | £4.85 (£0.86) |
| MRI | 0.06 (0.01) | £5.03 (£1.08) |
| Blood components transfused in the first 24 hours | ||
| PRBCs | 9.87 (0.38) | £1,237.19 (£48.07) |
| FFP | 4.92 (0.28) | £145.03 (£8.24) |
| Platelets | 0.96 (0.08) | £204.59 (£16.47) |
| Cryoprecipitate | 0.74 (0.08) | £143.07 (£15.86) |
| Beriplex | 0 (0) | £0.00 (£0.00) |
| Blood components transfused after 24 hours | ||
| PRBCs | 2.61 (0.24) | £326.77 (£29.99) |
| FFP | 0.74 (0.14) | £21.84 (£4.24) |
| Platelets | 0.24 (0.04) | £50.79 (£8.83) |
| Cryoprecipitate | 0.12 (0.05) | £23.84 (£8.85) |
| Beriplex | 0.01 (0.01) | £2.29 (£2.29) |
| Blood components issued then wasted | ||
| PRBCs | 0.74 (0.14) | £92.35 (£17.75) |
| FFP | 0.84 (0.11) | £24.75 (£3.19) |
| Platelets | 0.11 (0.03) | £23.93 (£5.89) |
| Cryoprecipitate | 0.34 (0.06) | £65.18 (£11.99) |
| Fluids (mLs) given in the first 24 hours | ||
| Dextrose | 47.74 (13.07) | £0.10 (£0.03) |
| Colloids | 564.05 (61.49) | £3.02 (£0.33) |
| Crystalloids | 1595.74 (108.33) | £2.33 (£0.15) |
| Polygelatine | 80.50 (19.97) | £0.34 (£0.09) |
| Starch | 4.17 (2.87) | £0.12 (£0.06) |
| Hypertonic saline | 381.29 (51.37) | £2.82 (£0.38) |
| Albumin | 8.62 (6.12) | £0.71 (£0.44) |
| Hartmann’s | 1141.43 (95.80) | £2.05 (£0.17) |
| Consultant contacts | ||
| Neurologist | 17/441 (4 %) | £6.94 (£1.65) |
| Cardiologist | 12/441 (3 %) | £3.96 (£1.13) |
| General surgeon | 42/441 (10 %) | £12.71 (£1.87) |
| Pro-coagulants | ||
| Factor VIIa | 6/441 (1 %) | £13.54 (£5.49) |
| Vitamin K | 1/441 (<1 %) | £0.01 (£0.01) |
| Ambulance for patients transferred/discharged to another acute hospital/institution | 76/441 (17 %) | £39.64 (£4.14) |
| Total inpatient healthcare costs | -- | £19,770.29 (£810.44) (95 % CI: £18,176.83 to £21,363.74) |
A&E Accident and Emergency, APTT Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, APTTR Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Ratio, CT Computed Tomography, ED Emergency Department, FFP Fresh Frozen Plasma, INR International Normalised Ratio, ICU Intensive Care Unit, mLs Millilitres, MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging, PRBCs Packed Red Blood Cells, PT Prothrombin Time, SE Standard Error
aFour patients arrived via own transport
bIncludes estimates of ICU/ward stay/ventilation in acute hospitals to which patients were discharged or transferred