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. 2015 Jul 28;6:379. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00379

Table 1.

Summary of iNKT cell activation studies in treatment of different diseases.

Therapeutic target Species studied Outcome Reference, remarks
Viral and bacterial infections Human, mouse Effective vaccination in mice; oral and nasal route possible; no clear effect on chronic viral infections in clinical trials shown (1221)
Parasites and fungi Mouse Enhanced vaccine effects in mice (10, 2224)
αGalCer analogs were used in Ref. (10) (7DW8–5) and Ref. (20) (α-C-GalCer) for NKT cell activation
Tumors Human, mouse Enhanced tumor protection and rejection in mice; clinical trials show only moderate effects in humans (11, 14, 2439)
Antigen-pulsed DC were transferred in Ref. (32), no αGalCer or analog was added.
αGalCer and α-C-GalCer were tested for tumor therapy in Ref. (34)
Autoimmune diseases Mouse αGalCer dose-dependent amelioration or aggravation of autoimmune diseases; NKT cell hypo-responsiveness involved in some cases (8, 4052)
Ref. (43) used OCH, a sphingosine-truncated analog of αGalCer for NKT cell activation

iNKT cells were activated by αGalCer treatment if not indicated otherwise.