Flow chart of the rational utilization of neuroimaging in very high-risk preterm infants using both cranial US and conventional MRI. This chart is used for extreme preterm cases: (< 29 weeks GA), very low birth weight (< 1.5 g), pneumothorax, mechanical ventilation, hypotension, sepsis, recurrent postnatal infection, necrotizing enterocolitis and chorioamnionitis. We do not advocate screening MRI for all preterm infants. CUS cranial MRI, CP cerebral palsy