Table 2.
Mean prominence scores of perceived causes reported by disease conditions, FHS-Non-traditional vs Traditional and FHS-Public vs Private
| Disease condition – Leprosy vs TB | FHS - Non-traditional vs. Traditional | FHS - Private vs. Public | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Causes | Leprosy (n = 100) | TB (n = 50) | p-value | Non-traditional (n = 35) | Traditional (n = 15) | p-value | Public (n = 91) | Private (n = 59) | p-value |
| Ingestion | 0.69 | 2.88 | <0.0001 | 1.36 | 1.93 | 0.178 | 1.01 | 2.05 | 0.015 |
| Food | 0.10 | 0.64 | 0.001 | 0.27 | 0.40 | 0.187 | 0.22 | 0.37 | 0.122 |
| Water | 0.33 | 0.36 | 0.908 | 0.36 | 0.20 | 0.967 | 0.35 | 0.32 | 0.862 |
| Smoking | 0.06 | 0.64 | <0.0001 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.597 | 0.14 | 0.42 | 0.006 |
| Alcohol | 0.12 | 0.50 | 0.109 | 0.22 | 0.47 | 0.222 | 0.13 | 0.42 | 0.131 |
| Prescribe medicine | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.987 | 0.01 | 0.33 | 0.167 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.843 |
| Health Illness or Injury | 2.31 | 2.06 | 0.974 | 2.20 | 2.47 | 0.639 | 2.30 | 2.12 | 0.793 |
| Injury, accident, surgery | 0.21 | 0.08 | 0.505 | 0.14 | 0.40 | 0.023 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0.005 |
| Insect Bite (Mosquitoes, flies etc.) | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.375 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.586 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.751 |
| Physical exertion/work | 0.39 | 0.32 | 0.612 | 0.38 | 0.27 | 0.922 | 0.35 | 0.39 | 0.161 |
| Blood problems | 0.69 | 0.30 | 0.046 | 0.61 | 0.13 | 0.067 | 0.75 | 0.27 | 0.008 |
| Prior illness | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.985 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.220 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.776 |
| Neglect of prior illness | 0.17 | 0.06 | 0.311 | 0.13 | 0.20 | 0.146 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.813 |
| Anatomical or physical problem | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.837 | 0.21 | 0.47 | 0.362 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.986 |
| Constitutional weakness | 0.23 | 0.56 | 0.029 | 0.30 | 0.67 | 0.070 | 0.26 | 0.46 | 0.573 |
| Hereditary | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.064 | 0.19 | 0.07 | 0.811 | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.469 |
| Mental Emotional Stress | 0.04 | 0.14 | 0.296 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.815 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.933 |
| Environmental | 0.79 | 1.22 | 0.007 | 0.87 | 1.53 | 0.030 | 0.87 | 1.03 | 0.143 |
| Sanitation | 0.19 | 0.06 | 0.185 | 0.16 | 0.00 | 0.160 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.463 |
| Personal Hygiene | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.029 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.909 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.015 |
| Germs or infection | 0.24 | 0.32 | 0.126 | 0.24 | 0.47 | 0.565 | 0.23 | 0.32 | 0.363 |
| Heat-/Cold, humoral | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.315 | 0.14 | 0.53 | 0.020 | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.402 |
| Climate or seasonal change | 0.18 | 0.48 | 0.002 | 0.26 | 0.47 | 0.007 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.539 |
| Traditional Cultural Supernatural | 1.12 | 1.46 | 0.041 | 1.17 | 1.80 | 0.082 | 1.07 | 1.49 | 0.019 |
| Contamination/contact (ritual pollution) | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.480 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.739 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.421 |
| Sexual pollution | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.758 | 0.04 | 0.20 | <0.0001 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.347 |
| Punishment for prior deed | 0.18 | 0.34 | 0.001 | 0.21 | 0.40 | 0.114 | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.039 |
| Demons, fate, God, stars, karma | 0.35 | 0.82 | 0.006 | 0.50 | 0.53 | 0.452 | 0.37 | 0.71 | 0.013 |
| Evil eye, sorcery etc. | 0.52 | 0.26 | 0.392 | 0.41 | 0.67 | 0.021 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.217 |
| Contact-related | 0.60 | 0.92 | 0.207 | 0.61 | 1.60 | 0.009 | 0.65 | 0.80 | 0.354 |
| Close contact with someone with the same problem | 0.59 | 0.80 | 0.340 | 0.57 | 1.47 | 0.010 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 0.543 |
| Sexual contact | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.215 | 0.04 | 0.13 | 0.001 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.030 |
| Miscellaneous | 2.00 | 1.34 | 0.145 | 1.85 | 1.13 | 0.217 | 1.76 | 1.81 | 0.775 |
| Other | 0.73 | 0.92 | 0.184 | 0.79 | 0.80 | 0.965 | 0.74 | 0.88 | 0.490 |
| Cannot say/no idea | 1.27 | 0.42 | 0.009 | 1.06 | 0.33 | 0.134 | 1.02 | 0.93 | 0.827 |
*Test applied – Mann–Whitney U test