Fig. 6.

In cultured retinal ganglion cells, elevated ROS and VEGF protein levels were reduced with GKT137831. N normoxia control (21 % O₂), H hypoxia control (0.5 % O₂). GKT137831 (GKT), 5 nM. Primary cultures of rat retinal ganglion cells exposed to normoxia, hypoxia, and GKT for 16 h. a Micrographs of retinal ganglion cells labeled with dihydroethidium to detect ROS. Scale bar = 100 μm. b Quantitation of ROS levels. c VEGF protein levels measured by ELISA. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 to normoxia control. ##P < 0.01 and ###P < 0.001 to hypoxia control. Values are mean ± SEM. n = 3 to 4 independent experiments and performed in triplicate