Table 2.
Univariable and multivariable analysis of overall and cancer-specific survival
| Overall survival | Cancer-specific survival | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covariates | Unadjusted a | Cox regression, full model b | Unadjusted a | Cox regression, full model b | |||||
| HR (95 % CI) | p c) | HR (95 % CI) | p c) | HR (95 % CI) | p c) | HR (95 % CI) | p c) | ||
| Location | Stomach | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | 0.002 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| Small intestine | 0.87 (0.78–0.97) | 0.98 (0.87–1.10) | 0.90 (0.78–1.03) | 0.96 (0.83–1.11) | |||||
| Other | 1.31 (1.13–1.53) | 1.30 (1.12–1.52) | 1.54 (1.30–1.84) | 1.46 (1.22–1.74) | |||||
| Size | <5 cm | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| 5 cm–9.9 cm | 1.13 (0.97–1.32) | 1.04 (0.89–1.21) | 1.52 (1.23–1.89) | 1.38 (1.12–1.72) | |||||
| 10 cm+ | 1.94 (1.68–2.25) | 1.63 (1.40–1.89) | 3.15 (2.58–3.85) | 2.52 (2.05–3.08) | |||||
| Unknown | 2.36 (2.01–2.78) | 1.49 (1.25–1.78) | 3.72 (2.99–4.62) | 2.00 (1.58–2.52) | |||||
| Metastatic disease | M0 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| M1 | 2.84 (2.56–3.16) | 2.03 (1.80–2.28) | 3.69 (3.26–4.17) | 2.42 (2.11–2.78) | |||||
| N stage | N− | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | 0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | 0.001 |
| N+ | 2.28 (1.89–2.74) | 1.47 (1.21–1.79) | 2.73 (2.20–3.38) | 1.55 (1.24–1.93) | |||||
| NX | 1.83 (1.63–2.05) | 1.09 (0.96–1.24) | 2.12 (1.85–2.42) | 1.16 (1.00–1.36) | |||||
| Surgery of the | No surgery primary | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| primary | Surgery primary | 0.33 (0.29–0.36) | 0.49 (0.43–0.56) | 0.27 (0.24–0.31) | 0.44 (0.38–0.52) | ||||
| Unknown | 0.87 (0.36–2.09) | 1.36 (0.56–3.31) | 0.90 (0.34–2.42) | 1.36 (0.50–3.67) | |||||
| Year | 1998 to 2002 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| 2003 to 2005 | 0.79 (0.70–0.90) | 0.76 (0.67–0.86) | 0.76 (0.66–0.88) | 0.73 (0.63–0.85) | |||||
| 2006 to 2008 | 0.67 (0.58–0.77) | 0.61 (0.53–0.71) | 0.66 (0.56–0.79) | 0.63 (0.53–0.75) | |||||
| 2009 to 2011 | 0.63 (0.53–0.76) | 0.62 (0.51–0.75) | 0.55 (0.44–0.69) | 0.55 (0.44–0.70) | |||||
| Gender | Male | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | 0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| Female | 0.79 (0.72–0.88) | 0.70 (0.63–0.78) | 0.81 (0.72–0.92) | 0.77 (0.68–0.88) | |||||
| Age | <50 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| 50–64 | 1.27 (1.08–1.50) | 1.40 (1.19–1.66) | 1.00 (0.83–1.19) | 1.11 (0.92–1.33) | |||||
| 65–79 | 2.25 (1.92–2.63) | 2.64 (2.25–3.10) | 1.54 (1.29–1.83) | 1.83 (1.53–2.18) | |||||
| 80+ | 4.92 (4.15–5.83) | 5.64 (4.70–6.76) | 2.91 (2.39–3.55) | 3.19 (2.58–3.95) | |||||
| Ethnicity | Caucasian | Reference | 0.001 | Reference | 0.002 | Reference | 0.013 | Reference | 0.058 |
| African-American | 1.19 (1.06–1.35) | 1.22 (1.07–1.39) | 1.15 (0.99–1.34) | 1.08 (0.92–1.27) | |||||
| Other/Unknown | 0.86 (0.74–1.01) | 0.88 (0.76–1.03) | 0.82 (0.68–1.00) | 0.83 (0.68–1.00) | |||||
| Marital status | Married | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| Single | 1.18 (1.03–1.36) | 1.38 (1.19–1.59) | 1.29 (1.10–1.53) | 1.40 (1.18–1.66) | |||||
| Other/Unknown | 1.48 (1.32–1.66) | 1.19 (1.05–1.35) | 1.44 (1.25–1.65) | 1.22 (1.05–1.42) | |||||
Hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % confidence intervals
aunivariate Cox regression analysis
bmultivariable Cox regression analysis full model including all covariates depicted in the table rows on the left
clikelihood ratio tests