Table 3.
Characteristics of included case–control and cross-sectional studies in systematic review of psychological antecedents of excess gestational weight gain
| Author, year (Years study span) | Sample size | Setting | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bagheri 2013 [35] (2010) | 362 | Women referred for prenatal care to a large women’s hospital in the south of Tehran, Iran | Fifteen to forty-six year-old pregnant women who were referred for prenatal care in a women’s hospital; >34 weeks and had a singleton pregnancy; cases were defined as pregnant women who gained weight in excess of Institute of Medicine guidelines and controls as women who gained weight within the guidelines; excluded: pregnant women with abnormal fetuses and those who received hormonal treatment during pregnancy or had diabetes, hypertension, thyroid or, renal chronic diseases |
| Conway$ 1999 [38] (1995–1996) | 62 | A large London hospital in United Kingdom | Caucasian women, who were expecting their first or second singleton baby, >18 years and free from known medical conditions which might affect nutrition or fetal outcomes |
| Dipietro$ 2003 [40] (NR) | 130 | Obstetric clinic in Baltimore, USA | Women with low risk, normal, singleton pregnancies, delivered at term, and with no history of smoking; predominantly well-educated, middle class women |
| McDonald$ 2013 [61] (2012) | 330 | Seven obstetrical and two midwifery clinics in southwestern Ontario, Canada | Women who had had at least one prenatal visit, could read English sufficiently well to complete the survey, and had a live singleton pregnancy |
| Sangi-haghpeykar$ 2013 [51] (2011) | 282 | Women delivering at a general hospital in Houston, USA | Women who were Hispanic, recruited immediately post-partum before leaving the hospital |
| Walker 2009 [56] (2000–2003) | 1988 | Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) study data in New Mexico, USA | Hispanic mothers, ≥ 18 years, who had a singleton live birth during their most recent pregnancy, and had a full term (≤37 weeks) delivery |
$Cross-sectional study; however, treated similar to a case–control study by authors; NR: Not Reported; GWG: Gestational Weight Gain.