Table 2.
Multivariable-adjusted ORs (95 % CIs) of incident MetS and its components by quartiles of sugar sweetened beverage consumption after 3.6 years of follow up among children and adolescents
| Quartiles | P for trend1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
| Median intake (ml/d) | 9.3 | 32.0 | 58.6 | 142.2 | |
| MetS | |||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.31–3.57) | 2.84 (0.97–8.37) | 3.00 (0.99–9.05) | 0.009 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.30–3.48) | 2.94 (0.99–8.74) | 3.16 (1.02–9.78) | 0.007 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.32–3.82) | 2.96 (0.99–8.80) | 3.50 (1.12–10.92) | 0.005 |
| Low HDL-C | |||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.72 (0.24–2.16) | 0.96 (0.33–2.82) | 0.55 (0.17–1.81) | 0.434 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.61 (0.19–1.89) | 0.93 (0.31–2.78) | 0.42 (0.11–1.55) | 0.320 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 0.65 (0.21–2.07) | 0.97 (0.32–2.93) | 0.45 (0.12–1.66) | 0.386 |
| Abdominal obesity | |||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.53 (0.63–3.71) | 1.65 (0.61–3.94) | 2.94 (1.27–6.82) | 0.012 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.58 (0.65–3.86) | 1.70 (0.70–4.09) | 2.97 (1.23–7.19) | 0.017 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 2.16 (0.82–5.68) | 1.86 (0.71–4.84) | 3.66 (1.40–9.59) | 0.016 |
| Hypertension | |||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.46 (0.45–4.77) | 2.66 (0.89–7.96) | 2.41 (0.79–7.73) | 0.070 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.47 (0.45–4.82) | 2.68 (0.89–8.11) | 2.45 (0.78–7.70) | 0.072 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.73 (0.52–5.74) | 3.02 (0.98–9.25) | 2.90 (0.91–9.26) | 0.043 |
| High FPG | |||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.22 (0.56–3.22) | 1.90 (0.76–4.72) | 2.07 (0.79–5.39) | 0.079 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.44–3.08) | 1.83 (0.73–4.58) | 1.90 (0.71–5.09) | 0.109 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.21 (0.48–3.21) | 1.87 (0.75–4.68) | 1.95 (0.73–5.22) | 0.108 |
| High TGs | |||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.24–2.38) | 1.57 (0.57–4.33) | 1.70 (0.58–4.99) | 0.156 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.74 (0.23–2.33) | 1.53 (0.55–4.29) | 1.66 (0.55–5.05) | 0.173 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 0.82 (0.26–2.61) | 1.62 (0.57–4.58) | 1.80 (0.59–5.25) | 0.148 |
MetS metabolic syndrome, HDL-C high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, FPG fasting plasma glucose, TGs triglycerides
Model1: Adjusted for baseline age, sex, total energy intake, physical activity, and family history of diabetes
Model 2: Additionally adjusted for dietary fiber, tea and coffee, red and processed meat, fruit, and vegetable
Model 3: Additionally adjusted for body mass index
1Based on logistic regression model using median intake of sugar sweetened beverages in each quartile as a continuous variable