TABLE 2.

ALDH and ADH activities in C. thermocellum and T. saccharolyticum cell extracts

Strain	Description	Ethanol yielda	ALDH activityb		ADH activity
			NADH	NADPH	NADH	NADPH
C. thermocellum LL1004	Wild type	0.16	2.20 ± 0.05c	0.21 ± 0.03	6.73 ± 0.72	0.04 ± 0.00
C. thermocellum LL346	Ethanol tolerant	0.11	0.27 ± 0.13	0.05 ± 0.03	0.66 ± 0.20	0.38 ± 0.02
C. thermocellum LL350	Moderate ethanol production	0.22	2.00 ± 0.49	0.05 ± 0.01	6.71 ± 0.93	5.90 ± 0.27
C. thermocellum LL1111	adhE deletion	0.01	0.05 ± 0.00	0.13 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.09	0.22 ± 0.18
T. saccharolyticum LL1025	Wild type	0.26	0.41 ± 0.13	0.05 ± 0.04	7.06 ± 0.50	0.95 ± 0.58
T. saccharolyticum LL1049	High ethanol production	0.43	0.09 ± 0.02	0.50 ± 0.05	0.18 ± 0.14	1.10 ± 0.42
T. saccharolyticum LL1040	High ethanol production	0.45	0.08 ± 0.02	0.30 ± 0.02	0.08 ± 0.05	1.55 ± 0.72
T. saccharolyticum LL1076	adhE deletion	0.01	0.00 ± 0.18d	0.018 ± 0.09	0.04 ± 0.18	1.78 ± 0.56

^aEthanol yield is in grams per gram of cellobiose produced from cellobiose at 5 g/liter.

^bActivity is expressed in units per milligram of protein (see Materials and Methods).

^cError represents 1 standard deviation (n = 4 to 8).

^dWhen activity is very low and the background activity is higher than the measured activity, the value is negative (see Materials and Methods) and is shown here as zero activity.