Table 1.

Computed stiffness of the NC and the measured structural stiffness of common biomaterials

Material type	Method	Stiffness	Ref.
Confluent endothelial monolayers	Experimental	0.1–0.8 Pa	Dewey et al.51
Chondrocytes	Experimental	0.5 kPa	Hochmuth52
Human platelets	Experimental	1.5–4 kPa	Mathur et al.53
Endothelial cells	Experimental	1.4–6.8 kPa	Mathur et al.53
Nanocarrier	Calculated (this work)	0.4–15 kPa
Skeletal muscle cells	Experimental	24.7 ± 3.5 kPa	Mathur et al.53
Cardiac cells	Experimental	100.3 ± 10.7 kPa	Mathur et al.53