Table 1.
Advanced agea |
Female gender |
Chronic kidney diseasea |
Diabetes mellitusa |
Hypothyroidisma |
Inflammatory or metabolic myopathies |
Trauma or crush injuries |
Hyperthermia |
Seizures or muscle tremors |
Severe exertion |
Prolonged surgical interventions or immobilization |
Coma |
Sickle cell trait |
Hypokalemia |
Hypophosphatemia |
Severe dehydration |
Recreational drugs such as alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines, heroin, phencyclidine |
Prescribed drugs such as statinsa, colchicine, antipsychotics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors |
Acute viral infections such as Influenza, Coxsackie, EBV, HSV, HIV |
aApplies to the patient’s case