Table 2. Relation to food intake and BOLD response to food stimuli.

Food intake measure/study design	Food stimuli during scan	Relation to BOLD response during food image exposure
Ad lib milkshake consumption (post-scan)	Milkshake receipt > tasteless solution receipt	Response in midbrain and medial OFC was positively predicted subsequent ad lib milkshake intake [64]
Ad lib snack consumption (post-scan)	Food images > images of non-food household items	Response in ventral striatum was positively related to ad lib snack intake [65]
Doubly-labeled water estimates of two-week energy intake	Cues predicting milkshake receipt > cues predicting tasteless solution receipt	Response in the visual and anterior cingulate cortices, precuneus, primary gustatory cortex (frontal operculum) and striatum was positively related to energy intake [66]
Ad lib meal consumption (post-scan)	Appetizing food images > non-food objects	Ad libitum meal intake was related to decreased dorsolateral prefrontal cortex response [86]
Comparison of habitual soft drink consumers vs. BMI-matched controls	Soft drink brand advertisements > non-food advertisements	Response in the precuneus was greater in habitual soft drink consumers [67]
Self-reported artificial sweetener use in habitual diet soft drink consumers	Saccharin solution receipt > tasteless solution receipt	Artificial sweetener use was related to decreased striatal response [68]
Self-reported artificial sweetener use	Sucrose solution receipt > tasteless solution receipt	Artificial sweetener use was related decreased response in the insula and amygdala [69]
Self-reported intake of ice cream and frozen dessert	Milkshake receipt > tasteless solution receipt	Frequency of ice cream intake was related to decreased ventral striatum, insula and ventromedial prefrontal cortex [70]