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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Jan 29;53(2):1329–1342. doi: 10.1007/s12035-015-9094-5

Figure 1. Induction of GFAP expression in astrocytes from HIV-infected drug (cocaine) abusers.

Figure 1

(a) Representative images after immunostaining for GFAP showed the increased expression of GFAP positive cells in the cortical sections of brains from HIV+ cocaine abusers patients compared with the HIV+ sections with the latter group demonstrating increased GFAP expression compared to the uninfected controls. Scale bar: 20µm. (b) Cell counting using ImageJ indicates that drug (cocaine) abuse resulted in a significant increase of GFAP positive cells per brain section. n=3 sections, threshold=50, * P<0.05vs HIV/Cocaine− group, #p<0.05vs HIV+/Cocaine− group.