Table 1.

Causes of neurodegeneration.

Causes of Neurodegeneration	References
Injury by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	[4,5,10]
Free radicals	[8]
Glutamate overload	[8]
Demyelination	[8]
Activation of microglia	[8]
NO	[6,7,9]
Ion accumulation/dysregulation	[6,7,9]
Oligodendrocyte/oligodendrocyte progenitor cell damage	[11,12]
Mitochondrial damage/collapse	[9,12,21]
Others: complement activation, cytokine expression etc.	[29–31]