Table 2.
Molecules | Major Function in OPCs | Role in MS/MS-Models | References |
---|---|---|---|
Olig1/2 | lineage determination, differentiation | cuprizone, MS lesion: activation of OPCs, remyelination | Arnett et al., 2004 [17]; Balabanov et al., 2005 [101]; Cheng et al., 2015 [102] |
Ascl1/Mash1 | OPC specification, differentiation, myelination | LPC, MS lesions: oligodendrogenesis, promoted remyelination | Gokhan et al., 2005 [109]; Parras et al., 2007 [106]; Göttle et al., 2015 [55]; Sugimori et al., 2008 [107]; Nakatani et al., 2013 [108] |
GPR17 Id2/4 | inhibited differentiation | LPC, MS lesions: diminished remyelination | Lecca et al., 2008 [115]; Chen et al., 2009 [102] |
SMAD | OPC specification, inhibited differentiation | cuprizone, MS lesion: diminished remyelination, astrogenesis/gliosis | Grinspan et al., 2000 [130]; Kondo et al., 2004 [129]; Setoguchi et al., 2004 [104]; Fuller et al., 2007 [134]; Ara et al., 2008 [135]; See et al., 2009 [127]; Sabo et al., 2011 [131]; Wang et al., 2011 [132] |
Notch Hes1/5 | inhibited differentiation | EAE, TMEV-IDD, MS lesion: activation and differentiation of T-helper cells, diminished remyelination | Jarriault et al., 1998 [141]; Wang et al., 1998 [132]; John et al., 2002 [144]; Hu et al., 2003 [143]; Liu et al., 2006 [148]; Elayman et al., 2009 [145]; Nakahara et al., 2009 [47]; Tsugane et al., 2012 [146] |
Abbreviations: lysolecithin (LPC), oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPCs), Multiple sclerosis (MS), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitits (EAE), Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD).