Table 1.
List of genes category, group, and names commonly identified in plant plastid genomes.
| Category of genes | Group of gene | Name of gene | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-replication | Ribosomal RNA genes | rrn16 | rrn23 | rrn5 | rrn4.5 | ||
| Transfer RNA genes | trnA -UGC | trnC -GCA | trnD -GUC | trnE -UUC | trnF -GAA | trnfM -CAU | |
| trnG -UCC | trnG -GCC | trnH -GUG | trnI -CAU | trnI -GAU | trnK -UUU | ||
| trnL -CAA | trnL -UAA | trnL -UAG | trnM -CAU | trnN -GUU | trnP -GGG | ||
| trnP -UGG | trnQ -UUG | trnR -ACG | trnR -UCU | trnR -CCG | trnS -GCU | ||
| trnS -UGA | trnS -GGA | trnT -UGU | trnT -GGU | trnV -GAC | trnV -UAC | ||
| trnW -CCA | trnY -GUA | ||||||
| Small subunit of ribosome | rps2 | rps3 | rps4 | rps7 | rps8 | rps11 | |
| rps12 | rps14 | rps15 | rps16 | rps18 | rps19 | ||
| Large subunit of ribosome |
rpl2 rpl32 |
rpl14 rpl33 |
rpl16 rpl36 |
rpl20 | rpl22 | rpl23 | |
| DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | rpoA | rpoB | rpoC1 | rpoC2 | |||
| Translational initiation factor | infA | ||||||
| Genes for photosynthesis | Subunits of photosystem I (PSI) |
psaA ycf3 |
psaB ycf4 |
psaC | psaI | psaJ | psaM |
| Subunits of photosystem II (PSII) | psbA | psbB | psbC | psbD | psbE | psbF | |
| psbH | psbI | psbJ | psbK | psbL | psbM | ||
| psbN | psbT | psbZ | |||||
| Subunits of cytochrome | petA | petB | petD | petG | petL | petN | |
| Subunits of ATP synthase | atpA | atpB | atpE | atpF | atpH | atpI | |
| Large subunit of Rubisco | rbcl | ||||||
| Chlorophyll biosynthesis | chlB | chlL | chlN | ||||
| Subunits of NADH dehydrogenase | ndhA | ndhB | ndhC | ndhD | ndhE | ndhF | |
| ndhG | ndhH | ndhI | ndhJ | ndhK | |||
| Other genes | Maturase Envelope membrane protein Subunit of acetyl-CoA C-type cytochrome synthesis gene Protease Component of TIC complex |
matK cemA accD ccsA clpP ycf1 |
|||||
| Genes of unknown function | Conserved open reading frames | ycf2 | ycf12 | ||||
| Pseudogenes | ycf68 | ycf15 | |||||
We used four phylogenetically distant species to unify in a single table the gene content of plastid genomes. Small changes may occur according to species. The species used as reference were Prunus persica (eudicotyledon), Elaeis guineensis (monocotyledon), Picea abies (conifer Clade I), and Taxus mairei (Conifer Clade II).