Table 2. GRAIL pathways of the IgA associated regions.

Chr	Region start-end	Genes	GRAIL p	'serum'	'insulin'	'matrix'	'carcinoma'	'complement'
German shepherd
8	63,211,755–63,827,575	SERPINA1	0.13	•		•	•	•
8	63,211,755–63,827,575	SERPINA3	0.064	•		•	•	•
8	63,211,755–63,827,575	SERPINA4	0.17	•			•
8	63,211,755–63,827,575	SERPINA6	0.19	•	•
8	63,211,755–63,827,575	SERPINA9*	0.037			•
8	63,211,755–63,827,575	SERPINA12*	0.019			•
10	69,072,184–69,174,348	FIGLA	0.12	•	•	•		•
23	48,439,474–48,539,474	GPR149	0.0018			•
27	37,248,047–37,454,652	C3AR1*	0.014	•	•			•
27	37,248,047–37,454,652	SLC2A3	0.16		•		•
5	29,188,112–29,288,253	MMP7	0.18	•	•		•
Golden retriever
6	18,011,946–18,112,312	ALDOA	0.048					•
6	18,011,946–18,112,312	TBX6	0.12		•
26	7,114,611–7,846,707	DIABLO	0.15				•
26	7,114,611–7,846,707	IL31*	0.0056	•		•	•
Shar-Pei
28	10,446,800–13,077,479	MORN4 / C10orf83	0.075					•
28	10,446,800–13,077,479	HOGA1 /C10orf65/NPL2	0.013	•
28	10,446,800–13,077,479	CHUK	0.16		•		•
28	10,446,800–13,077,479	CPN1	0.10	•				•
28	10,446,800–13,077,479	HPSE2	0.11			•	•
28	10,446,800–13,077,479	NKX2-3	0.10	•	•			•
28	10,446,800–13,077,479	SFRP5	0.17				•
7	19,623,829–19,723,829	PTGS2	0.049	•		•	•
7	22,714,328–22,814,328	ASTN1	0.14	•
7	22,714,328–22,814,328	PAPPA2	0.071	•	•	•	•	•
7	16,146,250–16,246,197	DHX9	0.17					•
		Total number of genes		14	9	10	12	10
		Total number of regions		8	7	7	7	7

Genes in the 35 IgA associated regions across four breeds were analysed for their connectivity using the web-based software GRAIL. This table display the five pathways represented by multiple regions (7 or 8) and breeds (GSD, GR and SP). Out of the eight genes (bold) that were assigned a significant GRAIL p (<0.05) based on the connectivity to genes in other IgA associated regions, half were involved in inflammation (marked with an asterisk*).