Table 2. Comparison between cytokine levels and major symptoms at diagnosis of infective endocarditis and mortality.

	Symptoms
Cytokines*	Present	Absent	P-value
	Fever
Interleukin-1β	3.7 (1.8–6.7)	0 (0–4.4)	0.026
Interleukin-6	22.6 (13.3–46.1)	15.5 (10.8–22.8)	0.071
Interleukin-10	4.9 (3.7–7.7)	3.7 (2.6–5.8)	0.050
Interleukin-12	3.7 (2.1-.0)	1.4 (0–3.6)	0.005
TNF-α	4.6 (0–6.7)	0 (0–4.6)	0.038
	Sweats
Interleukin-1β	3.8 (2.7–7.2)	3.0 (0–5.2)	0.088
Interleukin-12	4.0 (2.3–7.1)	2.6 (1.3–4.3)	0.028
TNF-α	4.8 (3.7–6.5)	0 (0–5.4)	0.014
	Anemia
Interleukin-6	22.3 (14.6–52.9)	13.2 (6.8–17.9)	0.011
Interleukin -8	25.1 (15.4–39.3)	14.9 (5.2–19.1)	0.010
Interleukin-10	5.0 (3.7–7.7)	3.2 (2.7–5.6)	0.024
	Leukocytosis
Interleukin -8	28.2 (16.2–41.9)	17.4 (8.8–26.4)	0.003
	Heart failure
Interleukin -1β	3.8 (3.1–6.7)	3.2 (0–5.6)	0.048
Interleukin-12	5.1 (2.2–7.3)	2.8 (1.4–4.3)	0.031
	Death
Interleukin -6	31.3 (17.1–147.5)	18.8 (13.0–33.8)	0.057
Interleukin-8	32.1 (20.5–58.5)	20.2 (10.8–32.7)	0.032
Interleukin-10	5.9 (4.4–11.2)	4.6 (3.5–5.9)	0.056

TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.

*Median (interquartile range), pg/mL.