Table 1.
Plasma and longissimus dorsi muscle HMB concentrations and plasma α-keto acid, amino acid, glucose, and insulin concentrations in response to 1-h infusion of parenteral HMB1
| Measurement | HMB 0 | HMB 20 | HMB 100 | HMB 400 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma HMB2 | 8.8 ± 85.6a | 89.6 ± 85.6ab | 316.1 ± 78.2b | 1,400.1 ± 85.6c |
| Muscle HMB3 | 11.4 ± 14.2a | 38.4 ± 15.3a | 132.3 ± 15.3b | 439.2 ± 14.2c |
| Plasma KIV2 | 21.8 ± 3.4 | 28.7 ± 3.4 | 24.6 ± 3.1 | 23.3 ± 3.1 |
| Plasma KMV2 | 28.3 ± 4.9 | 37.4 ± 4.9 | 31.0 ± 4.5 | 30.0 ± 4.5 |
| Plasma KIC2 | 39.5 ± 7.3 | 44.0 ± 7.3 | 44.7 ± 6.7 | 41.8 ± 6.7 |
| Plasma leucine2 | 145 ± 15.6 | 174 ± 15.6 | 176 ± 14.2 | 160 ± 14.2 |
| Plasma BCAA2 | 558 ± 58.0 | 647 ± 58.0 | 627 ± 53.0 | 614 ± 53.0 |
| Plasma EAA2 | 1,062 ± 97.0 | 1,158 ± 97.0 | 1,118 ± 88.0 | 1,146 ± 88.0 |
| Plasma NEAA2 | 1,890 ± 126.0 | 1,960 ± 126.0 | 2,114 ± 115.0 | 2,133 ± 115.0 |
| Plasma glucose4 | 81.5 ± 3.4a | 102 ± 3.4c | 90.0 ± 3.1ab | 94.9 ± 3.1bc |
| Plasma insulin5 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 2.7 ± 1.2 | 2.2 ± 1.2 | 1.8 ± 1.1 |
Data are given as means ± SE; n = 5–6.
1
Plasma and longissimus dorsi muscle concentrations in piglets infused with 0, 20, 100, or 400 μmol·kg−1·h−1 β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) for 1 h.
KIV, α-ketoisovalerate; KMV, α-ketomethylvalerate; KIC, α-ketoisocaproic acid; BCAA, branched-chain amino acids; EAA, essential amino acids; NEAA, nonessential amino acids.
2
Plasma concentrations in nmol/ml.
3
Skeletal muscle concentrations in nmol/g tissue.
4
Plasma concentrations in mg/dl.
5
Plasma concentrations in μU/ml. Labeled means in a row without a common letter differ, P < 0.05.