Fig 6. PKC agonists and JQ1 induce HIV-1 recovery in CD8⁺-depleted PBMCs from cART-treated HIV⁺ aviremic patients in the presence of cART.

Ex vivo cultures of CD8⁺-depleted PBMCs purified from blood of 11 patients were mock-treated or treated with anti-CD3+anti-CD28 antibodies, JQ1 (0.25μM), bryostatin-1 (5nM) or ing-B (10nM) alone or in combination as indicated. Concentrations of viral RNA in culture supernatants were determined one day, three days or six days post-treatment. The values were expressed as HIV-1 RNA copies/ml. Total HIV-1 DNA was expressed as HIV-1 DNA copies/10⁶ CD8⁺-depleted PBMCs. Values representing higher viral production after a combinatory treatment than after the corresponding single drug treatments are shown in grey. Values representing reactivation of virus production observed exclusively after combined treatments are shown in black. ‘I’ indicates below the 15 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml limit of detection, ‘//’ indicates not tested conditions.