Table 3. Antifungal therapy and clinical outcomes in children receiving antifungal therapy.
| Factors | Non-IPA group (n = 228) | IPA group (n = 37) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-fungal prophylaxis | 0.279 | ||
| No prophylaxis | 95 (41.7) | 11 (29.7) | |
| Fluconazole | 101 (44.3) | 21 (56.8) | |
| Itraconazole | 5 (2.2) | 2 (5.4) | |
| Micafungin | 27 (11.8) | 3 (8.1) | |
| Anti-fungal therapy | |||
| 1st line therapy | 0.913 | ||
| Amphotericin B deoxycholate | 202 (88.6) | 33 (89.2) | |
| Liposomal amphotericin B | 12 (5.3) | 2 (5.4) | |
| Caspofungin | 2 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Itraconazole | 9 (3.9) | 2 (5.4) | |
| Voriconazole | 3 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 2nd line therapy | 166 (72.8) | 35 (94.6) | < 0.001 |
| Amphotericin B deoxycholate | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Liposomal amphotericin B | 133 (80.1) | 16 (45.7) | |
| Caspofungin | 24 (14.5) | 6 (17.1) | |
| Itraconazole | 3 (1.8) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Voriconazole | 4 (2.4) | 12 (34.3) | |
| Final therapy | <0.001 | ||
| Amphotericin B deoxycholate | 44 (19.3) | 2 (5.4) | |
| Liposomal amphotericin B | 119 (52.2) | 3 (8.1) | |
| Caspofungin | 33 (14.5) | 4 (10.8) | |
| Itraconazole | 10 (4.4) | 1 (2.7) | |
| Voriconazole | 22 (9.6) | 27 (73.0) | |
| Total duration of therapy (days), median (IQR) | 12 (7-21) | 73 (22-175) | < 0.001 |
| Outcome | |||
| 6 weeks mortality | 30 (13.2) | 6 (16.2) | 0.615 |
| 12 weeks mortality | 46 (20.2) | 10 (27.0) | 0.344 |
IPA, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis; IQR, interquartile range.