Table 2. Association of LPL-, ADIPOQ- and PPARγ-promoter methylation in DNA from subcutaneous adipose tissue with anthropometric parameters and gene expression.

	LPL-CG1		LPL-CG2		ADIPOQ-CG1		ADIPOQ-CG2		PPARγ-CG1
	βa	P-value	βa	P-value	βa	P-value	βa	P-value	βa	P-value
BMI (kg m⁻²)	3.7	0.003	1.2	0.330	0.7	0.810	0.1	0.830	0.8	0.350
WC (cm)	9.9	0.001	3.95	0.191	6.0	0.392	1.7	0.131	2.9	0.135
SAT (kg)b	6.9	<0.001	2.3	0.347	1.2	0.807	0.7	0.338	2.3	0.091
VAT (kg)b	1.1	0.012	1.0	0.060	1.1	0.306	0.2	0.160	0.7	0.013
VAT from fat (%)b	0.5	0.730	2.9	0.086	3.9	0.249	0.3	0.544	1.6	0.095
Total fat from body mass (%)b	5.7	<0.001	3.4	0.081	0.7	0.859	0.9	0.164	2.3	0.038
ΔWeight (kg per 5 years)c	1.5	0.019	0.8	0.217	1.7	0.267	0.3	0.271	0.5	0.205
ΔBMI (kg m⁻² per 5 years)c	0.6	0.011	0.3	0.156	0.6	0.333	0.1	0.281	0.2	0.173
ΔWC (cm per 5 years)c	1.4	0.047	1.5	0.033	1.6	0.341	0.4	0.117	0.3	0.467
SAT gene expressiond	−1.0	0.009	−0.7	0.047	0.1	0.870	<0.1	0.869	−0.2	0.199

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; Δ, change; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; WC, waist circumference.

β-coefficients from the regression analyses are age- and sex-adjusted and represent the change in anthropometric parameters or gene expression (left column) for every 0.1 unit increase in the SAT-methylation level.

Data derived from whole-body magnetic resonance imaging available for 49 participants.

Average time between baseline examination (1994–1998) and the current re-examination was 14.5 years.

Referring to LPL gene expression for LPLCG1 and -CG2, to ADIPOQ gene expression for ADIPOQ-CG1 and -CG2 and to PPARγ gene expression for PPARγ–CG1. Data were normalized to the expression of 18S rRNA and relative to the weakest expression observed in this study population.