Table 3.1.
Known and candidate Borrelia burgdorferi adhesins
| Adhesin (genomic locus) | Comments, references |
|---|---|
| Adhesins that bind to mammalian extracellular matrix components | |
| Bgp (bb0588) | Binds to GAGs in vitro (Parveen and Leong, 2000), mutant is infectious in mice but shows some deficiency in tissue colonization (Parveen et al., 2006; Saidac et al., 2009), may also bind cell cell-surface proteoglycans |
| DbpA (bbA24) | Binds to decorin and GAGs in vitro (Fischer et al., 2003; Guo et al., 1998), adhesion specificity is different from that of DbpB, dbpBA mutants are attenuated in murine infection (Blevins et al., 2008; Shi et al., 2008a; Weening et al., 2008) |
| DbpB (bbA25) | Binds to decorin and GAGs in vitro (Fischer et al., 2003; Guo et al., 1998), binding specificity is different from that of DbpA, dbpBA mutants are attenuated in murine infection (Blevins et al., 2008; Shi et al., 2008a; Weening et al., 2008) |
| BBK32 (bbK32) | Binds to fibronectin and GAGs in vitro (Fischer et al., 2006; Probert and Johnson, 1998), these activities are important for B. burgdorferi interactions with the vasculature in vivo (Norman et al., 2008), bbk32 mutants are attenuated in murine infection (Seshu et al., 2006) |
|
RevA (bbM27 & bbP27), RevB (bbC10) |
Binds to fibronectin and laminin in vitro, some strains have two copies of the gene; there is a related gene (revB) that is present only in some B. burgdorferi strains (Brissette et al., 2009a) |
|
Bmp family members A,B,C,D (bb0382-0385) ErpX (bbQ47) |
Bind to laminin in vitro (Verma et al., 2009); D was selected in vivo for adherence to vascular endothelium in living mice (Antonara et al., 2007); contributes to chronic joint infection (Pal et al., 2008) ErpX binds to laminin (Brissette et al., 2009b) |
|
Erps: ErpA (bbP38, bbI39), ErpC, ErpP (bbN38) CRASPs: CRASP-1 (CspA, bbA68), CRASP-2 (CspZ, bbH06), CRASP-3=ErpP, CRASP-4=ErpC, CRASP-5=ErpA |
Bind to factor H and/or FHR-1 (factor H related) and/or FHL (factor H-like) (Alitalo et al., 2002; Hellwage et al., 2001; Metts et al., 2003) |
| Adhesins that bind to mammalian cell surface receptors | |
| P66 (bb0603) | Binds to integrins αIIbβ3 and αvβ3 (Coburn et al., 1999), knockout mutant is severely attenuated in mice but not in ticks (Coburn lab, unpublished data) |
| BBB07 (bbB07) | Binds to β1 integrins, stimulates proinflammatory signaling in chondrocytes (Behera et al., 2008) |
| Adhesins that bind to unidentified mammalian substrates (until further characterization is completed, these remain candidate adhesins) | |
| Lmp1 (bb0210) | Required for persistence and induction of disease manifestations in immunocompetent mice (Yang et al., 2009), selected in vivo for adherence to vascular endothelium in living mice (Antonara et al., 2007), host substrate(s) unknown |
| OspC (bbB19) | Essential for initiation of infection in mammals (Grimm et al., 2004b; Tilly et al., 2006, 2007) and for colonization of certain tissues (Xu et al., 2008), selected in vivo for adherence to vascular endothelium in living mice (Antonara et al., 2007), binds to cells in vitro, host substrate(s) unknown |
| VlsE (bbF32) | Required for persistent infection in mammals; (Dresser et al., 2009; Bankhead and Chaconas, 2007; Lin et al., 2009) selected in vivo for adherence to vascular endothelium in living mice (Antonara et al., 2007), binds to cells in vitro, host substrate(s) unknown |
|
OspF family members: ErpK (bbM38), ErpL (bbO39), OspG (bbS41), OspF (bbR42) |
OspF family members, all selected in vivo for adherence to vascular endothelium in living mice (Antonara et al., 2007), host substrate(s) unknown |
| Adhesins that bind to tick substrates | |
| OspA (bbA15) | Binds to TROSPA (tick receptor for OspA) (Pal et al., 2004) |
| OspC (bbB19) | Binds to Salp15 (Ramamoorthi et al., 2005) |