Table 1. Types of ascites and underlying primary diseases.
| Type of ascites | Primary disease |
|---|---|
| Hepatic | Cirrhosis |
| Hepatic venous outflow obstruction (Hepatic vein obstruction, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Veno-occlusive disease) | |
| Portal vein occlusion | |
| Inferior vena cava obstruction | |
| Hepatic cancer | |
| Cardiogenic | Congestive cardiac failure |
| Constrictive pericarditis | |
| Nephrogenic | Nephrotic syndrome |
| Malignant | Ovarian cancer |
| Cervix cancer | |
| Endometrial cancer | |
| Breast cancer | |
| Esophageal cancer | |
| Gastric cancer | |
| Colorectal cancer | |
| Lung cancer | |
| Pancreatic cancer | |
| Hepatobiliary cancer | |
| Primary peritoneal cancer | |
| Infectious ascites | Tuberculous peritonitis |
| Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | |
| Fungal infection | |
| Parasite infections | |
| Chlamydia infection | |
| Miscellaneous ascites | Chylous ascites |
| Pancreatic ascites | |
| Bile ascites | |
| Ovarian disease (Meig’s syndrome, Struma ovarii, Ovarian hyperstimulation) | |
| Systemic lupus erythematosis | |
| Whipple’s disease | |
| Sarcoidosis |