. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 31.

Published in final edited form as: Crit Rev Toxicol. 2015 Jan;45(1):1–43. doi: 10.3109/10408444.2014.973934

Table 10.

Summary of calculated BMD/BMDLs for local (forestomach) and systemic (liver and lung) effects using traditional and toxicogenomics approaches. Benchmark response is BMD₁₀/BMDL₁₀ for quantal tumor data and BMD_1SD/BMDL_1SD for continuous mutations and transcriptional data (mg/kg bw per day).

	Liver		Lung		Forestomach
Approach	BMD/BMDL	Response	BMD/BMDL	Response	BMD/BMDL	Response
RA1: Traditional	1.8 /1.2	tumors	0.8^*	tumors	0.8/0.5	tumors
RA1: Mutations	7.2/4.8	mutations	2.2/1.4	mutations	0.5/0.3	mutations
RA2/RA3: Toxicogenomics-key event preceeding the committed step	8.1/1	DNA damage	14.8/3.7	DNA damage	11.4/7.4	p53 signaling
Toxicogenomics-lowest MOA-associated pathway	8.1/1	DNA damage	14.8/3.7	DNA damage	11.4/7.4	p53 signaling
Toxicogenomics-Lowest pathway^#	0.3/0.2	notch signaling	15.7/2.1	cellular effects of sildenafil	16.1/4.5	phenylalanine degradationIV

Caution, based on a LOAEL from coal tar data (Culp et al., 1998)

Similar to Thomas et al., (2011) but examined BMD/BMDLs at the 10th percentile rather than median.