Fig 4.

(a) A toy metabolic network, where the labeling pattern of A that is supplied in the media is assumed to be known, and the tandemer distribution of ${\left[\mathrm{E}\right]}_{\left\{\mathrm{2,3}\right\}}^{\left\{\mathrm{1,2},\mathrm{3,4}\right\}}$ is to be calculated; (b) Atom mapping for network reactions; (c) An MFP graph and three strongly connected components whose numbering is determined via topological sorting.