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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2015 Jun 9;29(4):641–653. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2015.04.007

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Subsets of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients who carry gene mutations or variants that increase susceptibility. The majority of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is considered sporadic without any known associated genetic or hereditary factor. Low penetrance genetic polymorphisms which confer modest risks (odds ratio <1.3) were identified in genomewide association studies. A modest proportion of young onset sporadic pancreatic cancer patients carry deleterious germline mutations in known cancer genes or polymorphisms associated with pancreatic cancer risk. The genetic basis of familial pancreatic cancer is only partly explained by known cancer genes. Uncommon hereditary syndromes confer increased risk of pancreatic cancer.