Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients
| Continued methadone (n=114) |
Forced withdrawal (n=109) |
Total (n=223) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 87 (76%) | 86 (79%) | 173 (78%) |
| Female | 27 (24%) | 23 (21%) | 50 (22%) |
| Ethnic origin | |||
| White | 93 (81%) | 88 (81%) | 181 (81%) |
| Black | 3 (3%) | 6 (6%) | 9 (4%) |
| Other | 18 (16%) | 15 (14%) | 33 (15%) |
| Non-Hispanic | 97 (85%) | 95 (87%) | 192 (86%) |
| Hispanic | 17 (15%) | 14 (13%) | 31 (14%) |
| Age at baseline (years) | 33 (8·0) 30 (27–54) |
36 (8·7) 33 (29–40) |
34 (8·4) 32 (27–40) |
| Number of years in education | |||
| Did not finish high school | 48 (42%) | 41 (37%) | 89 (40%) |
| Finished high school | 41 (36%) | 40 (37%) | 81 (36%) |
| College or higher education | 25 (22%) | 28 (26%) | 53 (24%) |
| Self-reported positive hepatitis C status | 36 (32%) | 48 (44%) | 84 (38%) |
| Duration of incarceration (days) | 56 (47) | 56 (42) | 56 (45) |
| 42 (17–76) | 45 (16–80) | 44 (17–78) | |
| Methadone use (weeks) | 156 (164); n=112 104 (28–224) |
239 (280); n=109 156 (52–312) |
197 (232); n=221 112 (32–260) |
| Methadone dose | |||
| Most recent methadone dose (mg) | 92 (52); n=111 80 (57–115) |
95 (67); n=106 80 (51–110) |
93 (60); n=217 80 (55–110) |
| Maintenance dose (mg) | 98 (47); n=94 87·5 (60–115) |
93 (49); n=89 80 (60–110) |
96 (48); n=183 80 (60–115) |
| Detox status before incarceration* | 6 (5%) | 12 (11%) | 18 (8%) |
| Drug use | |||
| Heroin use (years) | 8 (7); n=97 6 (2–11) |
9 (7); n=97 8 (3–12) |
8 (7); n=194 7 (3–12) |
| Use of other opioids (years) | 8 (7); n=82 5 (2–10) |
8 (5); n=67 6 (3–10) |
8 (6); n=149 6 (3–10) |
| Previous use of injectable drugs | 88 (77%) | 91 (86%) | 179 (80%) |
| Addiction Severity Index drug subscale score at baseline | 0·23 (0·13) 0·22 (0·10–0·33) |
0·27 (0·13) 0·28 (0·15–0·38) |
0·25 (0·14) 0·25 (0·13–0·36) |
Data are n (%), mean (SD), or median (IQR).
*
Participants with a clinical status of detox before their incarceration were undergoing methadone withdrawal.