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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 31.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2015 Jun 1;117(4):e41–e53. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.306457

Figure 4. PPAP2B knockdown abolishes endothelial alignment induced by athero-protective waveform.

Figure 4

(A) Human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) monolayer displayed uniformly elongated morphology parallel to the direction of athero-protective waveform (72 hrs), instead of random polygonal structure under static conditions, as indicated by cell borders stained by VE-Cadherin (green), stress fiber (red) marked by phalloidin, and nuclei demonstrated by DAPI. PPAP2B knockdown by siRNAs significantly abrogated unidirectional flow-induced cell polarity. (B) Cell alignment is quantified as the angle of stress fibers (red) from the flow direction. Three stress fibers were measured per cell, with 30-50 cells measured per condition. siCtrl: control siRNA; siPPAP2B, PPAP2B siRNA. All data are represented as mean ± SEM. n = 5. * P < 0.05, two-way ANOVA.