Table 1.
Characteristics of women with infertility by treatment status: Nurses’ Health Study II in 2001
| Most advanced treatment level reported | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No treatment (n=8,261) |
Clomiphene (n=4,367) |
Gonadotropin (n=1,485) |
IUI (n=508) | IVF (n=851) | |
| Age (years)* | 46.6 (4.5) | 45.7 (4.6) | 45.1 (4.2) | 43.7 (4.2) | 43.8 (4.0) |
| Alcohol intake (gm/week) | 3.8 (7.0) | 3.8 (6.8) | 4.0 (6.6) | 3.9 (6.7) | 4.7 (7.8) |
| Alternative healthy eating index | 52.8 (11.5) | 52.4 (11.1) | 53.9 (11.2) | 53.4 (11.4) | 55.8 (11.1) |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m2) | 25.9 (5.6) | 26.0 (5.6) | 25.6 (5.5) | 26.0 (5.5) | 24.7 (5.1) |
| White race, % | 94 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 95 |
| Family history of hypertension, % | 50 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 46 |
| History of pregnancies > 6 months | |||||
| - Nulliparous, % | 20 | 19 | 31 | 37 | 46 |
| - 1 pregnancy, % | 19 | 20 | 30 | 28 | 28 |
| - 2 pregnancies, % | 38 | 37 | 27 | 24 | 21 |
| - 3 pregnancies, % | 17 | 18 | 9 | 8 | 4 |
| - 4+ pregnancies, % | 7 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| Current oral contraceptive use | |||||
| - Never, % | 12 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 14 |
| - Past, % | 81 | 82 | 82 | 78 | 80 |
| - Current, % | 7 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 6 |
| Menstrual cycle length (days) | |||||
| - <31, % | 85 | 75 | 78 | 81 | 86 |
| - 32–39, % | 9 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 10 |
| - >40, % | 5 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 4 |
| Physician diagnosed hirsutism, % | 3 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| Analgesic use (2+ times/week), % | 46 | 45 | 44 | 41 | 43 |
| Smoking history | |||||
| - Never, % | 65 | 67 | 65 | 68 | 64 |
| - Past, % | 25 | 26 | 28 | 24 | 29 |
| - Current, % | 9 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 |
| Household income (dollars/year) | |||||
| - <75,000, % | 44 | 39 | 34 | 35 | 29 |
| - 75,000–99,999, % | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 20 |
| - 100,000–150,000, % | 22 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| - >150,000, % | 12 | 14 | 19 | 20 | 25 |
| Live in state with mandated insurance coverage | |||||
| - No coverage, % | 85 | 89 | 82 | 83 | 78 |
| - Comprehensive coverage, % | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| - Limited coverage, % | 6 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 9 |
| - Offer only, % | 8 | 6 | 9 | 9 | 11 |
| **Fertility diagnosis among those who had a medical evaluation | |||||
| Ovulatory disorder infertility reported, % | 11 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 34 |
| Tubal infertility reported, % | 8 | 10 | 15 | 12 | 31 |
| Cervical mucus infertility reported, % | 3 | 8 | 14 | 16 | 13 |
| Male factor infertility reported, % | 16 | 19 | 26 | 35 | 29 |
| Other reason for infertility reported, % | 22 | 33 | 45 | 47 | 57 |
Values are means (SD) or percentages and are standardized to the age distribution of the study population.
Values of polytomous variables may not sum to 100% due to rounding
*
Value is not age adjusted
**
Categories not mutually exclusive