Scheme 2.
Hantzsch derivatization of δ-aminolevulinic acid. δ-Aminolevulinic acid reacts with 2 molecules of acetylacetone and 1 molecule of formaldehyde to form the fluorescent derivative 2,6-diacetyl-1,5-dimethyl-7-(2-carboxyethyl)-3-pyrrolizine with an excitation maximum of 370 nm and an emission peak at 460 nm.