Table 1. Patient demographics and baseline characteristics.
| Demographics | Total (n=91) | ON group (n=30) | UN group (n=30) | UNWO group (n=31) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male/female (n) | Aug-83 | 1/29 | 5/25 | Feb-29 | 0.165 |
| Age (years) | 71.55±8.72 | 72.30±8.8.75 | 70.534±8.47 | 71.811±9.11 | 0.724 |
| Oxygenation index (OI) | 288.08±71.99 | 299.46±65.65 | 283.94±72.17 | 280.80±78.41 | 0.565 |
| Case number of type II respiratory failure (%) | 38 (41.8) | 14 (46.7) | 13 (43.3) | 11 (35.5) | 0.663 |
| Baseline spirometry | |||||
| FVC (L) | 1.89±0.59 | 1.64±0.21 | 1.87±0.54 | 2.09±0.75 | 0.127 |
| FEV1 (L) | 0.83±0.45 | 0.63±0.15 | 0.73±0.29 | 1.01±0.59 | 0.092 |
| FEV1/predicted FEV1 (%) | 33.28±15.48 | 26.14±7.42 | 29.98±15.59 | 39.75±17.35 | 0.067 |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 41.92±11.70 | 38.57±9.32 | 39.19±10.38 | 45.63±13.32 | 0.284 |
| PEF (L) | 2.10±1.26 | 1.74±0.46 | 1.95±0.88 | 2.41±1.71 | 0.905 |
| GOLD stages | 0.252 | ||||
| Moderate cases (%) | 5 (5.5) | 0 | 1 (3.3) | 4 (12.9) | |
| Severe cases (%) | 29 (31.9) | 8 (26.7) | 12 (40.0) | 9 (29.0) | |
| Very severe cases (%) | 57 (62.6) | 22 (73.1) | 17 (56.7) | 18 (58.1) |
ON, oxygen-driven nebulization; UN, ultrasonic nebulization; UNWO, ultrasonic nebulization with warming and oxygen; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; PEF, peak expiratory flow; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.