Table 8. Physiological indicators changed during nebulization.

Groups	Before nebulization	5 min after nebulization	10 min after nebulization	15 min after nebulization	20 min after nebulization	P
SpO2
ON group	92.33±3.23	97.47±1.48	97.77±1.28	97.63±1.30	97.30±1.95	<0.001
UN group	93.57±2.25	92.70±2.77**	91.33±3.14**	90.87±3.47**	90.70±3.16**	<0.001
UNWO group	92.42±2.91	95.71±2.85††	95.65±2.64**††	95.48±3.21**††	95.42±2.91**††	<0.001
HR
ON group	90.90±11.86	88.40±11.75	87.83±11.97	88.43±12.26	87.60±11.94	<0.001
UN group	90.67±12.44	92.23±12.79	93.47±12.57	93.07±12.55	93.30±11.80	0.017
UNWO group	89.35±12.78	87.52±11.89	88.42±12.02	88.42±12.53	88.87±11.45	0.293
RR
ON group	23.13±3.59	16.53±2.62	15.80±2.59	16.47±2.76	17.07±3.35	<0.001
UN group	22.33±3.64	16.73±4.08	18.33±4.67**	18.93±4.89*	19.47±4.93*	<0.001
UNWO group	24.52±10.28	16.84±3.53	16.45±3.53†	17.16±3.26	17.87±3.26	<0.001
Dyspnea
ON group	2.23±1.16	1.75±0.94	1.55±0.86	1.37±0.83	1.30±0.81	<0.001
UN group	2.17±1.16	2.12±1.15	2.40±1.09**	2.53±1.07**	2.62±1.24**	0.009
UNWO group	2.39±1.54	2.11±1.35	2.02±1.21	1.97±1.10*	1.89±1.09†	0.049
Chest tightness
ON group	1.70±2.02	1.29±1.66	1.21±1.43	1.09±1.32	0.92±1.23	0.009
UN group	1.47±2.19	1.33±2.01	1.27±1.93	1.30±1.88	1.33±1.86	0.283
UNWO group	1.55±1.84	1.40±1.58	1.23±1.54	1.29±1.56	1.15±1.42	0.064

*, P<0.05; **, P<0.01 vs. ON group; ^†, P<0.05; ^††, P<0.01 vs. UN group. SpO₂, peripheral oxygen saturation; HR, heart rate; RR, respiratory rate; ON, oxygen-driven nebulization; UN, ultrasonic nebulization; UNWO, ultrasonic nebulization with warming and oxygen.