Table 1.

Components of the Pediatric PRO-SELF©: Pain Control Program

Time period	Intervention
Preoperative—day of surgery	Nurse meets child and parents in ambulatory surgery preoperative area Instructs child in use of self-report pain rating scale Reviews drug administration schedule with child and parents
Postoperative—day of surgery	Nurse meets parents in the ambulatory surgery recovery area Reviews the PEDIATRIC PRO-SELF: Pain control booklet for parents Reviews pain medication and drug administration schedule Parents provide return demonstration of proper dose and verbalize ordered dosing schedule Provides parents with digital timer Coaches parents regarding optimal administration of pain medication Instructs parents not to give any other pain medications Instructs parents how to complete daily Pain Management Diary Sets up dosing schedule on medication log Records child’s pain score Assists parent to administer first dose of analgesic prior to child’s discharge home Records child’s pain relief score (if sufficient time has passed to assess prior to discharge) Reviews how to contact research nurse for pain management questions
Postoperative day 1	Nurse telephones parent Reviews child’s pain scores and medication use since surgery Reinforces teaching and coaching about use of analgesic, side-effect management, and concerns about addiction, if needed Determines if parent contacted the surgeon for any questions/concerns Answers questions about pain management Reinforces completion of the Pain Management Diary
Postoperative day 2	Telephone call—same as postoperative day 1
Postoperative day 4	Home visit Reviews and collects Pain Management Diary information Conducts end-of-study interviews with child and parents Instructs parent regarding transition to as-needed dosing of prescribed analgesic Confirms scheduled follow-up appointment with surgeon