Table 1.
Characteristics of Participants by Levels of Percent of European Ancestry (PEA): The Jackson Heart Study (2000–2004)
| <10th Percentile |
10th–90th Percentile |
>90th Percentile |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Characteristics | n=202 | n=1749 | n=217 | *P value |
| Percent European Ancestry, median (IQR) (%) | 6.7 (5.7–7.8) | 15.6 (12.3–20.0) | 35.1 (31.5–41.6) | |
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 58.7±13.0 | 53.0±12.4 | 57.9±12.3 | <.0001 |
| Male, n (%) | 75 (37.1) | 665(38.0) | 91 (41.9) | 0.500 |
| CVD risk factors | ||||
| Current smoker, n (%) | 24 (11.9) | 240(13.7) | 22(10.1) | 0.287 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 146 (72.28) | 1049 (60.0) | 130(59.1) | 0.003 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 28 (13.9) | 263(15.0) | 32 (14.8) | 0.904 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 130.4±18.6 | 125.9±17.7 | 126.3±16.8 | 0.002 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 79.1±10.3 | 79.6±10.5 | 77.8±9.5 | 0.056 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL, median (IQR)† | 92.0 (13.0) | 91.0(15.0) | 92.0(13.0) | 0.637 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 52.2±14.2 | 51.5±14.3 | 51.4±15.4 | 0.590 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 124.6±38.8 | 125.6±36.3 | 125.5±34.3 | 0.904 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL, median (IQR)† | 85.0 (61.0) | 89.0 (59.0) | 95.0 (69.0) | 0.117 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 31.6±7.1 | 31.7±7.1 | 30.1±6.4 | 0.005 |
| hsCRP, mg/dL, median (IQR)† | 0.24 (0.39) | 0.26 (0.46) | 0.21 (0.35) | 0.019 |
| Anti-hypertension med use, n (%) | 118(60.2) | 819(49.3) | 104(50.7) | 0.016 |
| SES & Psychosocial factors | ||||
| Education: ≥ Bachelor Degree, n (%) | 73 (36.1) | 717(41.0) | 119(54.8) | <0.001 |
| Income: ≥$40 000/y, n (%) | 83 (41.1) | 886 (50.7) | 138 (63.6) | <0.001 |
| Perceived Global Stress, mean ± SD | 1.1±0.98 | 1.2±0.99 | 1.2± 1.03 | 0.522 |
| Every day discrimination, mean ± SD | 2.0 ±1.1 | 2.0±0.97 | 2.0±0.91 | 0.785 |
| Life time discrimination, mean ± SD | 1.4±1.0 | 1.4±1.0 | 1.5±1.0 | 0.564 |
| Subclinical Atherosclerosis | ||||
| PAD, n (%) | 40 (19.8) | 258 (14.8) | 28 (12.9) | 0.107 |
| cCIMT, mm, median (IQR) † | 0.73 (0.21) | 0.69(0.22) | 0.71(0.21) | 0.009 |
| CAC, n (%) | 35(38.9) | 390(42.3) | 63(50.0) | 0.188 |
| AAC, n (%) | 49(54.4) | 550(59.5) | 75(59.5) | 0.636 |
*
P value by ANOVA, chi-square or Kruskal-Wallis as appropriate
†
Median (Interquartile range)
PEA: percent of European ancestry; PAD: peripheral arterial disease; cCIMT: common intima-media thickness; CAC: coronary artery calcium; AAC: abdominal aortic calcification: hsCRP: high sensitivity C – reactive protein;