Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the patients (n = 407) according to the type of atrial fibrillation (AF) or flutter
| Characteristic | AF | Flutter (n = 51) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paroxysmal (n = 188) | Persistent (n = 168) | |||
| Age, years | 64 ± 15 | 69 ± 14* | 66 ± 14 | < 0.01 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 95 (50.5) | 82 (48.8) | 37 (72.5)†,‡ | 0.09 |
| Echocardiogram | ||||
| LVEF, % | 66.8 ± 11 | 57.4 ± 16* | 53.9 ± 17† | < 0.01 |
| LA, mm | 42.3 ± 6.4 | 48.6 ± 7.2* | 47.2 ± 6.2† | < 0.01 |
| Anticoagulation, n (%) | 40 (21.3) | 75 (44.6)* | 22 (43.1)† | < 0.01 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| HF | 37 (19.7) | 86 (51.2)* | 23 (45.1)† | < 0.01 |
| Hypertension | 106 (56.4) | 117 (69.6)* | 30 (58.8) | 0.03 |
| DM | 23 (12.2) | 29 (17.3) | 8 (15.7) | 0.4 |
| Stroke | 3 (1.6) | 18 (10.7)* | 5(9.8)† | < 0.01 |
| CHADS2 Score | < 0.01 | |||
| 0 | 50 (27.8)* | 8 (4.9) | 9 (18)‡ | |
| 1 | 43 (23.9) | 37 (22.6) | 13 (26) | |
| 2 | 54 (30) | 53 (32.3) | 9 (18) | |
| 3 | 23 (12.8) | 40 (24.4)* | 12 (24) | |
| 4 | 10 (5.6) | 18 (11) | 6 (12) | |
| 5 | 0 | 5 (3) | 1 (2) | |
| 6 | 0 | 3 (1.8) | 0 | |
| Mean CHADS2 | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 2.3 ± 1.3* | 1.9 ± 1.4 | < 0.01 |
| Readmission, n (%) | 91 (48.4) | 80 (47.6) | 27 (52.9) | 0.8 |
*
Difference between the groups with persistent AF and paroxysmal AF;
†
difference between the groups with flutter and paroxysmal AF
‡
difference between the groups with flutter and persistent AF. LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; LA: left atrium; HF: heart failure; DM: diabetes mellitus.