Calbindin-immunolabeled Purkinje cell counts per sagittal section measured at 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 mm from midline in male (A) and female (B) rats 14 d after asphyxial cardiac arrest or sham surgery. Increased Purkinje cell survival after asphyxial cardiac arrest was seen in rats treated with Atg7 siRNA vs. control siRNA, with the treatment effect appearing more robust in female rats vs. their male counterparts. To account for sex-differences in baseline (sham) Purkinje cell numbers, data are also expressed as the percentage of Purkinje cells per sex-matched sham (C). D. Representative calbindin-immunolabeled sections showing Purkinje cell survival in male and female rats treated with control or Atg7 siRNA using the cerebellar primary fissure as a point of reference are shown. Mean ± SD, for sham n = 6/sex/group, for asphyxial cardiac arrest n = 9 females and 8 males/group, female and male rats combined for panel C (n = 17/group), *P < 0.005 vs. control siRNA, two-factor ANOVA.