Table 2.
Studies using filamentous phage as an immunogenic carrier for peptide B-cell epitopes.
| Antigen | Species | Epitope type(s) | Display format(s) | Ab response against peptide | Ab response against native protein | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer’s disease β-amyloid fibrils | Mouse (BALB/c, APP transgenic), Guinea pig | Linear | pVIII hybrid, pIII fully recombinant |
+ | + | Frenkel et al. (2000, 2003), Lavie et al. (2004), Esposito et al. (2008), Tanaka et al. (2011) |
| Aspergillus fumigatus MIRB | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | Chemical conjugate | + | + | Raymond-Bouchard et al. (2012) |
| Bordetella pertussis toxin | Mouse (BALB/c) | Discontinuous | pVIII hybrid | + | - | Felici et al. (1993) |
| Candida albicans HSP90 | Mouse (C57/BL6, BALB/c) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | + | Yang et al. (2005a), Wang et al. (2006, 2014d) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis major outer membrane protein | Mouse (C57/BL6, BALB/c, CBA/j) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | + | Zhong et al. (1994) |
| Coronavirus S glycoprotein | Mouse (C57/BL6, BALB/c) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | + | Yu et al. (2000) |
| ERBB2/HER2 | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pVIII hybrid, pIII fully recombinant |
+ | + | Yip et al. (2001) |
| Entamoeba histolytica proteophosphoglycan | Mouse (BALB/c) | Discontinuous | pVIII hybrid | + | + | Melzer et al. (2002) |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone | Sheep | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | + | Abdennebi et al. (1999) |
| Foot-and-mouth disease VP1 | Guinea pig | Linear | pVIII hybrid | ND | + | Kim et al. (2004) |
| Gonadotropin-releasing hormone | Mouse (CD-1) | Linear | Chemical conjugate | ND | ND | Samoylov et al. (2012) |
| HBV surface antigen | Mouse (C57/BL6, BALB/c, B10.M) | Linear | pVIII hybrid, pIII fully recombinant |
+ | + | Folgori et al. (1994), Motti et al. (1994), Meola et al. (1995), Delmastro et al. (1997) |
| HCV core antigen and NS4B protein | Mouse (C57/BL6, BALB/c, MF1) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | ND | Prezzi et al. (1996), Delmastro et al. (1997) |
| HCV E2 protein | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | ND | Puntoriero et al. (1998) |
| Helicobacter pyloriUrease B | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pIII fully recombinant | + | + | Li et al. (2010c) |
| HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | + | di Marzo Veronese et al. (1994) |
| HIV-1 gp120 CD4-binding site | Mouse (BALB/c) | Discontinuous | Chemical conjugate | + | - | van Houten et al. (2006) |
| HIV-1 gp120 and gp41 | Mouse (C57/BL6, BALB/c), Rhesus macaque | Linear, Discontinuous |
pVIII hybrid, pIII hybrid, Chemical conjugate |
+ | ND | Scala et al. (1999), Chen et al. (2001), van Houten et al. (2010) |
| HIV-1 gag p17 | Rabbit | Linear | pVIII fully recombinant | + | + | Minenkova et al. (1993) |
| HIV-1 reverse transcriptase | Mouse (C57BL/6, HLA-A2 transgenic) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | ND | De Berardinis et al. (1999) |
| HPV E7 protein | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | + | Lidqvist et al. (2008) |
| HSV-2 glycoprotein G | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | + | Grabowska et al. (2000) |
| Immunoglobulin E | Rabbit | Discontinuous | pVIII hybrid | ND | + | Rudolf et al. (1998) |
| Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae unknown proteins | Mouse (BALB/cByJ) | Linear, Discontinuous |
pIII fully recombinant | + | + | Yang et al. (2005b) |
| Neisseria meningitidis PorA protein | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pVIII hybrid | + | + | Menendez et al. (2001) |
| Plasmodium falciparum CSP | Mouse (BALB/c, C57/BL10, Swiss, Str/ort), rabbit | Linear | pVIII hybrid, pIII fully recombinant |
+ | ND | de la Cruz et al. (1988), Greenwood et al. (1991), Willis et al. (1993) |
| Plasmodium vivax MSP1 | Mouse (C57/BL6, BALB/c, Biozzi) | Linear, Discontinuous |
pIII hybrid | ND | + | Demangel et al. (1996) |
| Rhabdovirus RABVG | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pIII fully recombinant | + | + | Houimel and Dellagi (2009) |
| RSV glycoprotein G | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pIII fully recombinant | + | - | Bastien et al. (1997) |
| Schistosoma japonicum unknown protein(s) | Mouse (Kunming) | Discontinuous | pIII fully recombinant | + | ND | |
| Shigella flexneri LPS | Mouse (BALB/c) | Discontinuous | pVIII hybrid, Chemical conjugate |
+ | - | van Houten et al. (2010), Henry et al. (2011) |
| Sperm | Mouse (CD-1), Pig | Discontinuous | pVIII fully recombinant | + | + | Samoylova et al. (2012a,b) |
| Toxic shock syndrome toxin | Mouse (BALB/c) | Linear | pIII fully recombinant | + | ND | Rubinchik and Chow (2000) |