Table 3.
The predictors for the health-related quality of life in patients with stroke by stepwise multiple regression analyses
| Dependent variables | Independent variables | Unstandardized coefficient (β) | standardized coefficient (β) | Lower limit of 95 % CI | Upper limit of 95 % CI | Adjusted R 2 | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIS domains | ||||||||
| Strength | 47.094 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 8.741 | 6.983 | 10.500 | |||||
| NIHSS | −0.460 | −0.514 | −0.580 | −0.340 | 0.415 | |||
| FIM | 0.038 | 0.333 | 0.023 | 0.054 | 0.491 | |||
| Duration after onset | −0.212 | −0.228 | −0.328 | −0.096 | 0.540 | |||
| Memory | 25.154 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 13.927 | 8.187 | 19.668 | |||||
| MMSE | 0.626 | 0.464 | 0.418 | 0.834 | 0.225 | |||
| BDI-II | −0.157 | −0.267 | −0.247 | −0.066 | 0.290 | |||
| Emotion | 12.986 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 35.711 | 32.692 | 38.729 | |||||
| Stroke side | −3.412 | −0.315 | −0.292 | −5.232 | 0.116 | |||
| BDI-II | −0.130 | −0.246 | −0.292 | −0.219 | 0.169 | |||
| Communication | 28.709 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 11.233 | 6.551 | 15.914 | |||||
| MMSE | 0.598 | 0.530 | 0.426 | 0.771 | 0.363 | |||
| Stroke type | 1.612 | 0.160 | 0.184 | 3.040 | 0.394 | |||
| FMA-UE | 0.039 | 0.173 | 0.004 | 0.075 | 0.413 | |||
| ADL/IADL | 45.772 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 11.335 | 7.333 | 15.338 | |||||
| FMA-UE | 0.146 | 0.365 | 0.084 | 0.208 | 0.403 | |||
| FIM | 0.088 | 0.261 | 0.036 | 0.139 | 0.492 | |||
| BBS | 0.147 | 0.266 | 0.059 | 0.234 | 0.532 | |||
| Mobility | 46.223 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 7.809 | 3.172 | 12.446 | |||||
| BBS | 0.262 | 0.431 | 0.171 | 0.354 | 0.486 | |||
| FIM | 0.088 | 0.238 | 0.036 | 0.141 | 0.560 | |||
| FMA-LE | 0.185 | 0.227 | 0.061 | 0.310 | 0.592 | |||
| BDI-II | −0.123 | −0.130 | −0.234 | −0.013 | 0.605 | |||
| Hand function | 19.644 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 2.269 | −1.095 | 5.634 | |||||
| FMA-UE | 0.094 | 0.347 | 0.045 | 0.144 | 0.206 | |||
| FIM | 0.053 | 0.231 | 0.011 | 0.095 | 0.240 | |||
| Participation/Role | 14.152 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 15.420 | 11.388 | 19.452 | |||||
| BBS | 0.185 | 0.328 | 0.088 | 0.283 | 0.100 | |||
| Total | 42.236 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Constant | 112.671 | 83.405 | 141.937 | |||||
| NIHSS | −2.434 | −0.240 | −3.930 | −0.938 | 0.417 | |||
| FIM | 0.392 | 0.302 | 0.223 | 0.561 | 0.602 | |||
| FMA-LE | 0.402 | 0.140 | −0.013 | 0.817 | 0.633 | |||
| BDI-II | −0.555 | −0.167 | −0.911 | −0.199 | 0.650 | |||
| MMSE | 1.310 | 0.171 | 0.346 | 2.274 | 0.668 | |||
| BBS | 0.352 | 0.165 | 0.017 | 0.686 | 0.677 | |||
MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination; BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II; NIHSS National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; FMA Fugl–Meyer Assessment; UE upper extremity; LE lower extremity; BBS Berg Balance Scale; FIM Functional Independence Measure; SIS Stroke Impact Scale; ADL activities of daily living; IADL instrumental activities of daily living; CI confidence interval